A&P UNITY AND FUNCTION ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781264893683
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.2, Problem 10BYGO
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
DNA is a genetic material consisting of a long stretch of
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In many genetic disorders, a lysosomal enzyme required to degrade a specific molecule is missing or defective. One example of these maladies, often referred to as lysosomal storage diseases, is Tay-Sachs disease. Afflicted individuals inherit a defective gene from each parent that codes for an enzyme that degrades a complex lipid molecule. Symptoms include severe mental retardation and death before the age of 5 years. What is the nature of the process that is destroying the patient's cells? (Hint: Synthesis of the lipid molecule continues at a normal rate.)
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The central dogma of molecular biology states simply that DNA encodes RNA, and RNA
encodes protein. For each of the following processes, describe,
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2) one important protein (or protein containing complex) involved
3) the result of this process.
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Transcription
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Splicing
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Translation
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Chapter 4 Solutions
A&P UNITY AND FUNCTION ACCESS
Ch. 4.1 - What are the three components of a nucleotide?...Ch. 4.1 - What governs the pattern of base paring in DNA?Ch. 4.1 - what is the difference between DNA and chromatin?Ch. 4.1 - Summarize the structural and functional...Ch. 4.1 - The general name of the monomers that compose DNA...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.1 - How DNA and protein are combined to form...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.1 - HOW RNA differs from DNA in structure and...
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 4.2 - Describe the roles of RNA polymerase ribosomes,...Ch. 4.2 - What is the difference between genetic...Ch. 4.2 - Summarize the processing of a protein from the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.2 - The organization of nucleotides into DNA triplets;...Ch. 4.2 - How the genetic code relates mRNA codons to...Ch. 4.2 - The process and outcome of genetic transcription,...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.3 - Describe the genetic roles of DNA helicase and DNA...Ch. 4.3 - Explain why DNA replication is called...Ch. 4.3 - Define mutation. Explain why some mutations are...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.3 - Semiconservative replication, the enzymes that...Ch. 4.3 - What a mutation is and how a cell detects and...Ch. 4.3 - The four stages of the cell cycle, what occurs in...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.3 - Cytokinesis and how it overlaps but differs from...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.4 - Why must the carrier of a genetic disease be...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.4 - Organization of the karyotype; the number of...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.4 - Why a recessive trait can skip a generation, with...Ch. 4.4 - The differences between the genotype, genome, and...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 4.4 - Why it cannot be said that dominant alleles are...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 15AYLOCh. 4 - Production of more than one phenotypic trait by a...Ch. 4 - When a ribosome reads a codon on mRNA, it must...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 4 - Two genetically identical strands of a metaphase...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 4 - Genetic transcription is performed by a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 4 - Semiconservative replication occurs during a....Ch. 4 - Mutagens sometimes cause no harm to cells for all...Ch. 4 - The cytoplasmic division at the end of mitosis is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 4 - The cytoplasmic granule of RNA and protein that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 4 - Steroids, carbohydrates, and phospholipids are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 4 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 4 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 4 - The law of complementary base pairing describes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 4 - All mutations result m the production of defective...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 4 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 4 - Why world the supercoiled, condensed form of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 4 - Given the information in this chapter, present an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYC
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- Below is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’1. If the above DNA strand is the coding (sense) strand and the DNA molecule is transcribed, what is the correct nucleotide sequence and direction of the RNA formed after transcription?arrow_forwardThe following double stranded segment of DNA is part of a protein coding gene. The segments in uppercase letters (ACTG) represent the exons. The segments in lowercase letters (acgt) represent introns. The lower strand is the template strand that is used by the RNA polymerase to make an RNA transcript. Draw or write-out a) the sequence of the primary transcript and b) the mature mRNA resulting from this stretch of DNA.arrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE a) The electron rich nature and aromaticity of the nucleobases mediates their absorbance of UV light. b) Methylated and modified bases are commonly found in tRNA and rRNA.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is an example of the degeneracy of the genetic code?Group of answer choices a) each codon specifies more than one amino acid b) the genetic code is not degenerate c) an amino acid can have more than one codon d) None of the abovearrow_forward5. a) Describe, using a diagram or point form notes, what is happening during transcription and translation of protein synthesis. Indicate where these events take place in the cell. b) An error occurs in the transcription of the original master strand of DNA. At the very first base pair, a guanine is substituted for cytosine. State the possible effects on the polypeptide and its functions.arrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is a widespread disease in many African countries and can be caused by a change in the amino acid sequence from glutamic acid to valine. A patient is diagnosed with the disease and a genetic fingerprint reveals the following DNA sequence for the gene: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Write down the mRNA sequence for the given DNA sense strand indicating the polarity. Derive the polypeptide from the mRNA molecule using the table of the genetic code (Table Q1 below) again indicating the polarity of the peptide chain. Indicate the position in the DNA molecule that could have caused the disease and write down all possible point mutations in the DNA sequence that could have caused it. [ The polypeptide chain is polymerized at the ribosomes using t-RNA molecules. Write down all possible t-RNA molecules with their anti-codons that are used to polymerize the amino acid VAL. Indicate the polarity. 3'-TAC TGA GCA AGA TTA CAT ACT-5' Explain what is meant by redundancy of the genetic code.…arrow_forward
- The characteristic way in which the DNA molecule is copied to form mRNA is most related to: a) the ability of RNA polymerase to match the shape of and the charges of the DNA monomers to the complementary mRNA nucleotide monomers, b) the ability of RNA polymerase to match the shape of and the charges of the DNA monomers to the anti-codons of tRNA, c) The interaction with the cell membrane, d) All of these e) None of these are correctarrow_forwardAnswer the following questions: 1. Which of the following enzymes can polymerize deoxyribonucleotides into DNA? A) Primase B) DNA Ligase C) DNA Gyrase D) RNA Polymerase III E) Reverse Transcriptase 2. Which of the following has only one equivalent codon? A) Ala B) Arg C) Val D) Trp E) Gly 3. Which of the following does not describe transcription? A) Synthesis of RNA using DNA as the template B) Requires DNA-dependent RNA Pol C) Highly selective process that is strictly regulated D) A step in gene expression E) None of the above 4. Peptide bond formation happens in _____ site. A) A B) P C) E D) L E) Barrow_forwardA) Describe each step of the DNA REPLICATION in EUKARYOTIC organismsB) Describe each step of the TRANSCRIPTION in EUKARYOTIC organisms.C) Describe each step of the TRANSLATION. Please answer all if you can! thank youarrow_forward
- Help me pleasearrow_forwardWhat is meant by the statement “The genetic code is universal”? What is the significance of this finding?arrow_forwardConsider the expression “central dogma,” which refers to the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. is the word “dogma” appropriate in this context?arrow_forward
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