Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 42, Problem 3VCQ
Figure 42.16 The Rh antigen is found on Rh positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
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Figure 17.17 The Rh antigen is found on Rh-positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
The Rh antigen is found on Rh-positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
D-negative individuals generate an immune response when they are exposed to the Rh-D antigen. However, incompatibility in the ABO blood group system occurs naturally in the absence pf exposure to the A or B antigen in the blood from another individual. Why do individuals produce an immune response the first time they encounter the A or B antigen as an adult?
Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 42 - Figure 42.11 Which of the following statements...Ch. 42 - Figure 42.14 Based on what you know about MHC...Ch. 42 - Figure 42.16 The Rh antigen is found on Rh...Ch. 42 - Which of the following is a barrier against...Ch. 42 - Although interferons have several effects, they...Ch. 42 - Which organelle do phagocytes use to digest...Ch. 42 - Which innate immune system component uses MHC I...Ch. 42 - Which of the following is both a phagocyte and an...Ch. 42 - Which immune cells bind MHC molecules on APCs via...Ch. 42 - What “self” pattern is identified by NK cells?...
Ch. 42 - The acquired ability to prevent an unnecessary or...Ch. 42 - A memory B cell can differentiate upon reexposure...Ch. 42 - Foreign particles circulating in the blood are...Ch. 42 - The structure of an antibody is similar to the...Ch. 42 - The first antibody class to appear in the serum in...Ch. 42 - What is the most abundant antibody class detected...Ch. 42 - Breastfed infants typically are resistant to...Ch. 42 - Allergy to pollen is classified as: an autoimmune...Ch. 42 - A potential cause of acquired autoimmunity is...Ch. 42 - Autoantibodies are probably involved in: reactions...Ch. 42 - Which of the following diseases is not due to...Ch. 42 - Different MHC I molecules between donor and...Ch. 42 - If a series of genetic mutations prevented some,...Ch. 42 - Explain the difference between an epitope and an...Ch. 42 - What is a naïve B or T cell?Ch. 42 - How does the Th1 response differ from the Th2...Ch. 42 - In mammalian adaptive immune systems, T cell...Ch. 42 - How do B and T cells differ with respect to...Ch. 42 - Why is the immune response after reinfection much...Ch. 42 - What are the benefits and costs of antibody cross...
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- why don't the fetus' cells trigger an immune response in the mother and why doesn't the fetus' body react to the mother's cells?arrow_forwardRh-negative individuals generate an immune response when they are exposed to the Rh-negative antigen. However, incompatibility in the ABO blood group system occurs naturally in the absence of exposure to the A or B antigen in the blood from another individual. Why do individuals produce an immune response the first time they encounter the A or B antigen as an adult?arrow_forwardRh-D-negative individuals generate an immune response when they are exposed to the Rh-D antigen. However incompatibility in the ABO blood group system occurs naturally in the absence of exposure to the A or B antigen in the blood from another individual. why do individuals produce an immune response the first time they encounter the A or B antigen as an adult.arrow_forward
- In our body , there occurs a major problem called chronic deletion if self- lymphocytes are not eliminated from our body before birth. Please explain in details about Chronic deletion and how does it occur.arrow_forwardBreast feeding provides which of the following to an infant?a) Artificial active immunityb) Artificial passive immunityc) Natural active immunityd) Natural passive immunityarrow_forwardA mother with A positive blood is pregnant with her second child. Her first child had A negative blood. If her second child has A negative blood, will the mother’s immune system attack the fetus or not? Explain your answer using a membrane function.arrow_forward
- What is the major problem if self reacting lymphocytes are not eliminated from our body before birth ? (Note problem= Clonal deletion) Explaining the process how it is a problemarrow_forwardthe disease erythroblastosis fetalis develops in a fetus or a newborn infant with rh-positive blood and an rh-negative mother. symptoms result when maternal anti-rh antibodies cross the placenta and interact with the fetus' erythrocytes. what are the children of rh-positive mothers not at risk for this disease? why are rh-negative fetuses not at risk for this disease?arrow_forwardThe class of immunoglobulins which can cross the placenta is -arrow_forward
- If you tested a sample of blood and it clumped in serum A, but did not clump in serum B, or the Rh serum, what kind of blood would you have? A) O+B) B-C) AB+D) A+E) A-arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is NOT correct about the immunological incompatibility between mother and baby? Select one: a. The baby’s Rh+ blood will never get in contact with the mother’s Rh– blood during the pregnancy as the placenta does not allow fetal blood cells to mix with the maternal blood. b. When the mother has Rh– blood, anti-Rh antibody injection is given during her pregnancy to prevent any antibodies from forming. c. If the baby is Rh+ and the mother is Rh–, it does not pose a problem as long as this is the mother’s first pregnancy. d. Rh– blood has no rhesus factor proteins and therefore will produce antibodies for the Rh factor when exposed to Rh+ blood.arrow_forwardFigure 42.11 Which of the following statements about T cells is false? Helper T cells release cytokines while cytotoxic T cells kill the infected cell. Helper T cells are CD4+, while cytotoxic T cells are CD8+. MHC II is a receptor found on most body cells, while MHC I is a receptor found on immune cells only. The T cell receptor is found on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.arrow_forward
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