University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321973610
Author: Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 42, Problem 42.2E
An Ionic Bond, (a) Calculate the electric potential energy for a K+ ion and a Br− ion separated by a distance of 0.29 nm, the equilibrium separation in the KBr molecule. Treat the ions as point charges, (b) The ionization energy of the potassium atom is 4.3 eV. Atomic bromine has an
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The equilibrium separation between the two ions in the KCl molecule is 0.267 nm. (a) Assuming that the K+ and Cl- ions are point particles, compute the electric dipole moment of the molecule.
(b) Compute the ratio of your result in (a) to the measured electric dipole moment of 5.41 x 10-29 C*m. This ratio is known as the fractional ionic character of the molecular bond.
Suppose that the wavenumber of the J = 1 ← 0 rotational transition of 1H81Br considered as a rigid rotor was measured to be 18.20 cm-1, what is
(a) the moment of inertia of the molecule? _____________kg-m2
(b) the bond length? ________________Angstroms
(Given the isotopic masses:(m(79Br) = 78.9183 amu, m(81Br) = 80.9163 amu
Show that the moment of inertia of a diatomic molecule composed of atoms of masses mA and mB and bond length R is equal to meffR2, where meff = mAmB/(mA+mB).
Chapter 42 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
Ch. 42.1 - If electrons obeyed the exclusion principle but...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 42.2TYUCh. 42.3 - Prob. 42.3TYUCh. 42.4 - One type of thermometer works by measuring the...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 42.5TYUCh. 42.6 - Prob. 42.6TYUCh. 42.7 - Suppose a negative charge is placed on the gate of...Ch. 42 - Van der Waals bonds occur in many molecules, but...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.2DQCh. 42 - The H2+ molecule consists of two hydrogen nuclei...
Ch. 42 - The moment of inertia for an axis through the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.5DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.6DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.7DQCh. 42 - The air you are breathing contains primarily...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.9DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.10DQCh. 42 - What factors determine whether a material is a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.12DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.13DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.14DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.15DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.16DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.17DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.18DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.19DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.20DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.21DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.22DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.23DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.24DQCh. 42 - If the energy of the H2 covalent bond is 4.48 eV,...Ch. 42 - An Ionic Bond, (a) Calculate the electric...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.3ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.4ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.5ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.6ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.7ECh. 42 - Two atoms of cesium (Cs) can form a Cs2 molecule....Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.9ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.10ECh. 42 - A lithium atom has mass 1.17 1026 kg, and a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.12ECh. 42 - When a hypothetical diatomic molecule having atoms...Ch. 42 - The vibrational and rotational energies of the CO...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.15ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.16ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.17ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.18ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.19ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.20ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.21ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.22ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.23ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.24ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.25ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.26ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.27ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.28ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.29ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.30ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.31ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.32ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.33PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.34PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.35PCh. 42 - The binding energy of a potassium chloride...Ch. 42 - (a) For the sodium chloride molecule (NaCl)...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.38PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.39PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.40PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.41PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.42PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.43PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.44PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.45PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.46PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.47PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.48PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.49PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.50PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.51PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.52PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.53CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.54CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.55CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.56PPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.57PPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.58PP
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- Consider the HCl molecule, which consists of a hydrogen atom of mass 1 u bound to a chlorine atom of mass 35 u. The equilibrium separation between the atoms is 0.128 nm, and it requires 0.15 eV of work to increase or decrease this separation by 0.01 nm. (a) Calculate the four lowest rotational energies (in eV) that are possible, assuming the molecule rotates rigidly. (b) Find the molecules spring constant and its classical frequency of vibration. (Hint: Recall that U=12Kx2.) (c) Find the two lowest vibrational energies and the classical amplitude of oscillation corresponding to each of these energies. (d) Determine the longest wavelength radiation that the molecule can emit in a pure rotational transition and in a pure vibrational transition.arrow_forwardShow that the moment of inertia of a diatomic molecule composed of atoms of masses mA and mB and bond length R is equal to meffR2, where meff = mAmB/(mA + mB).arrow_forwardCalculate the net energy of a NaCl ion paired separated by an inter-ionic distance of 1.475 nm, If the net force between the ion pair is 6.725 x 10^-12 N. n=9 z1= +1 z2= -1arrow_forward
- The figure above shows the absorption spectrum of the molecule HBr. Following the basic procedures of Section 9.6, find:(a) the energy of the “missing” transition;(b) the effective force constant k;(c) the rotational spacing 2B. Estimate the value of the rotational spacing expected for HBr and compare with the value deduced from the spectrum. Why are there only single lines and not double lines as in the case of HCl?arrow_forwardTo determine the equilibrium separation of the atoms in the HCl molecule, you measure the rotational spectrum of HCl. You find that the spectrum contains these wavelengths (among others): 60.4 mm, 69.0 mm, 80.4 mm, 96.4 mm, and 120.4 mm. (a) Use your measured wavelengths to find the moment of inertia of the HCl molecule about an axis through the center of mass and perpendicular to the line joining the two nuclei. (b) The value of l changes by +-1 in rotational transitions. What value of l for the upper level of the transition gives rise to each of these wavelengths? (c) Use your result of part (a) to calculate the equilibrium separation of the atoms in the HCl molecule. The mass of a chlorine atom is 5.81 * 10-26 kg, and the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.67 * 10-27 kg. (d) What is the longest-wavelength line in the rotational spectrum of HCl?arrow_forwardThe bond length for 1H19F is 91.68 pm . Calculate rH and rF from the center of mass.arrow_forward
- The rotational constant of 12C160 2 (from Raman spectroscopy) is 11.70 GHz. What is the CO bond length in themolecule?arrow_forwardSn, C, and Si, Ge are all group XIV elements. Yet, Sn is a conductor, C is an insulator while Si and Ge are semiconductors. Why?arrow_forwardA 1H 19F molecule, with a bond length of 91.68 pm, absorbed on the surface and rotates in twodimensions. A) What is the smallest quantum energy that can be absorbed by this molecule in afirst rotational excitation?B) Calculate the zero-point energy for this moleculearrow_forward
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