An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 4.2, Problem 9P
To determine
To find: Maximum value of Coefficient of Performance of a household air conditioner.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 4.1 - At a power plant that produces 1 GW ( 109 watts)...Ch. 4.1 - A power plant produces 1 GW of electricity, at an...Ch. 4.1 - It has been proposed to use the thermal gradient...Ch. 4.1 - Prove directly (by calculating the heat taken in...Ch. 4.1 - To get more than an infinitesimal amount of work...Ch. 4.2 - Why must you put an air conditioner in the window...Ch. 4.2 - Can you cool off your kitchen by leaving the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 9PCh. 4.2 - Suppose that heat leaks into your kitchen...
Ch. 4.2 - What is the maximum possible COP for a cyclic...Ch. 4.2 - Explain why an ideal gas taken around a...Ch. 4.2 - Under many conditions, the rate at which heat...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 14PCh. 4.2 - In an absorption refrigerator the energy driving...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 16PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 17PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 18PCh. 4.3 - The amount of work done by each stroke of an...Ch. 4.3 - Derive a formula for the efficiency of the Diesel...Ch. 4.3 - The ingenious Stirling engine is a true heat...Ch. 4.3 - A small-scale steam engine might operate between...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 23PCh. 4.3 - Calculate the efficiency of a Rankine cycle that...Ch. 4.3 - In a real turbine, the entropy of the steam will...Ch. 4.3 - A coal-fired power plant, with parameters similar...Ch. 4.3 - In Table 4.1, why does the entropy of water...Ch. 4.3 - Imagine that your dog has eaten the portion of...Ch. 4.4 - Liquid HFC-134a at its boiling point at 12 bars...Ch. 4.4 - Consider a household refrigerator that uses...Ch. 4.4 - Suppose that the throttling valve in the...Ch. 4.4 - Suppose you are told to design a household air...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 33PCh. 4.4 - Consider an ideal Hampson-Linde cycle in which no...Ch. 4.4 - The magnetic field created by a dipole has a...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 36PCh. 4.4 - A common (but imprecise) way of stating the third...
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- Repeat the preceding problem for nitrogen molecules at 295 K.arrow_forwardUnder what conditions can the overall heat transfer coefficient of a heat exchanger be determined from U = (1/hi + 1/ho)-1?arrow_forwardConsider the steady adiabatic flow of an incompressible fluid. If the temperature of the fluid remains constant during flow, is it accurate to say that the frictional effects are negligible?arrow_forward
- What are the key principles and applications of the adiabatic approximation in the field of physics?arrow_forwardShow that for an ideal gas _ c p = _ c v + Ru.arrow_forwardUsing the result of the preceding problem, show that for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process, TV1 is constant.arrow_forward
- On an adiabatic process of an ideal gas pressure, volume and temperature change such that pV is constant with =5/3 for monatomic gas such as helium and =7/5 for diatomic gas such as hydrogen at room temperature. Use numerical values to plot two isotherms of 1 mol of helium gas using ideal gas law and two adiabatic processes mediating between them. Use T1=500K,V1=1L, and T2=300K for your plot.arrow_forwardAn infrared heater for a sauna has a surface area of 0.050 m2 and an emissivity of 0.84. What temperature must it run at if the required power is 360 W? Neglect the temperature of the environment.arrow_forwardUnreasonable results. (a) Find the temperature of 0.360 kg of water, modeled as an ideal gas, at a pressure of 1.01105 Pa if it has a volume of 0.615 m3. (b) What is unreasonable about this answer? How could you get a better answer?arrow_forward
- Consider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forwardAn ideal monatomic gas at 300 K expands adiabatically and reversibly to twice its volume. What is its final temperature?arrow_forwardOne might think that the internal energy of diatomic gases is given by Eint=5RT/2 . Do diatomic gases near room temperature have more or less internal energy than that? Hint: Their internal energy includes the total energy added in raising the temperature from the boiling point (very low) to room temperature.arrow_forward
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