EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305687875
Author: Gilbert
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 4.4, Problem 12E

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Minimum number of theoretical plates that is required in fractional distillation separation of mixture with 70 mol % toluene and 30 mol % benzene should be determined.

Concept introduction:Fractional distillation is separation technique that separates various fractions of components in mixture. This process is based on vaporization of one or more fractions or parts of mixture. It is used to separate components of mixture that have difference in boiling points less than 25 °C .

HETP is index that is used to measure efficiency of fractional distillation. It refers to height equivalent to theoretical plate. It denotes vertical length of column that is essential to achieve separation efficiency equivalent to one theoretical plate.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Composition of first small amount of distillate obtained should be determined.

Concept introduction:Fractional distillation is separation technique that separates various fractions of components in mixture. This process is based on vaporization of one or more fractions or parts of mixture. It is used to separate components of mixture that have difference in boiling points less than 25 °C .

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Using the phase diagram for mixtures of cyclohexane and toluene, estimate: A) Boiling point of pure toluene _________ B) Boiling point (Tbp) of solution with molar fraction of toluene 30%.______ C) Molar fraction of toluene (in %) in the gas phase above the solution with molar fraction of toluene 30% at its boiling point Tbp. ____________ D) Approximate molar fraction of solvent which remains in the liquid phase upon heating of mixture with 60% of toluene to 100oC. _______________
Which of the following statements about fractional distillation are true.? Select all that are True. A)The lower the HETP (height equivalent to a theoretical plate) of the fractionating(packed) column the more efficient it is at separation of components. B)The distillation process involves several concurrent vaporization-condensation cycles. C)Continual change in boiling temperature is observed as the distillation progresses. D)Can ideally separate mixtures with comparable volatilities small BP differences. E)For good separation by distillation the volume of liquid condensing back to the pot should be lower than the volume of liquid distilling off.
There are two separate phases, one with a composition of 12% phenol and the other with a composition of 60% phenol, from a 210 gram phenol-water mixture at 60 °C with a composition of 35% phenol. Calculate the masses of these phases.
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