Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
(b)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
(c)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
(d)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
(e)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
(f)
Interpretation:
From the given geometric arrangement the number of charge clouds has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
VSEPR model:
- Valance Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model is used to predict the shapes of the molecules by the electronic structure of its atoms.
- Electrons that are involved in bonds and in lone pairs of electrons should be thought like occupying “charge clouds” or regions of electron density.
- These region of electron density can repel one another and stay as much as possible and results to assume specific shapes.
Rules to predict the shapes of molecules by VSEPR model:
- Write electron-dot structure of the given molecule.
- Count the number of electron charge clouds surrounding the central atom.
- Determine the geometric arrangement of charge clouds surround the each atom and assume its charge clouds can be oriented in the space as far away from one to another as possible.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
- Enter in order the hybridization and coordination number (CN) of the central atom for each substancearrow_forwardChlorine monofluoride, ClF, and iodine monofluoride, IF, are interhalogencompounds—compounds that contain bonds between different halogen elements.Which of these molecules has the larger dipole moment?arrow_forwardSpecify the local electron geometries about the atoms labelled a-d. Unshared electron pairs affect local geometry and are included in the structural formula.For each atom enter one of the following:tetrahedral, square planar, trigonal planar, trigonal pyramidal, or linear.a b c and d???arrow_forward
- Dibromobenzene has three isomers: Which has a nonzero dipole moment?arrow_forward(a) If these three balloons are all the same size, what angleis formed between the red one and the green one? (b) If additionalair is added to the blue balloon so that it gets larger,will the angle between the red and green balloons increase,decrease, or stay the same? (c) Which of the following aspectsof the VSEPR model is illustrated by part (b): (i) Theelectron-domain geometry for four electron domains is tetrahedral.(ii) The electron domains for nonbonding pairs arelarger than those for bonding pairs. (iii) The hybridizationthat corresponds to a trigonal planar electron-domain geometryis sp2. [Section 9.2]arrow_forward(a) If these three balloons are all the same size, what angleis formed between the red one and the green one? (b) If additionalair is added to the blue balloon so that it gets larger,will the angle between the red and green balloons increase,decrease, or stay the same? (c) Which of the following aspectsof the VSEPR model is illustrated by part (b): (i) Theelectron-domain geometry for four electron domains is tetrahedral.(ii) The electron domains for nonbonding pairs arelarger than those for bonding pairs. (iii) The hybridizationthat corresponds to a trigonal planar electron-domain geometryis sp2.arrow_forward
- Which of these structures is not planar?arrow_forwardHow did Nitrogren gain an extra electron was it from the Hydrogen? Isn't the sigma bonds at lower energies than the pi bonds? Why is the pi orbital fully filled with which 4 electrons?arrow_forward(a) Write a single Lewis structure for SO3 , and determine the hybridization at the S atom. (b) Are there other equivalent Lewis structures for the molecule? (c) Would you expect SO3 to exhibit delocalized π bonding?arrow_forward
- The _____ on the central atom is determined by the Electron Domain Geometry.arrow_forwardConsider the Lewis structure for glycine, the simplest aminoacid: (a) What are the approximate bond angles about each of thetwo carbon atoms, and what are the hybridizations of the orbitalson each of them? (b) What are the hybridizations ofthe orbitals on the two oxygens and the nitrogen atom, andwhat are the approximate bond angles at the nitrogen? (c)What is the total number of σ bonds in the entire molecule,and what is the total number of π bonds?arrow_forwardThe illustrations below depict differences in orbital hy-bridization of some tellurium (Te) fluorides. (a) Which depictsthe difference, if any, between TeF₆(left) and TeF₅(right)? (b) Which depicts the difference, if any, between TeF₄(left) and TeF₆(right)?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning