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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The elements that have electronegativity values more than that of sulfur has to be given using the information from Figure 5-11.
Concept Introduction:
Close relationship between ionic and covalent bonding models becomes apparent if the bond polarity and electronegativity is considered. Electronegativity is the measure of relative attractive for the shared pair of electrons in a bond. Higher the electronegative value for an atom, the more it attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
In Periodic table, when moving from left to right in a period, the electronegativity value increases. While moving from top to bottom within group, the electronegativity value decreases. Nonmetals have higher electronegativity values than metals. Metals gives electrons and nonmetals accepts electrons.
(b)
Interpretation:
The three least electronegative elements have to be listed using the information from Figure 5-11.
Concept Introduction:
Close relationship between ionic and covalent bonding models becomes apparent if the bond polarity and electronegativity is considered. Electronegativity is the measure of relative attractive for the shared pair of electrons in a bond. Higher the electronegative value for an atom, the more it attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
In Periodic table, when moving from left to right in a period, the electronegativity value increases. While moving from top to bottom within group, the electronegativity value decreases. Nonmetals have higher electronegativity values than metals. Metals gives electrons and nonmetals accepts electrons.
(c)
Interpretation:
The three elements that have electronegativity value as 2.5 has to be given using the information from Figure 5-11.
Concept Introduction:
Close relationship between ionic and covalent bonding models becomes apparent if the bond polarity and electronegativity is considered. Electronegativity is the measure of relative attractive for the shared pair of electrons in a bond. Higher the electronegative value for an atom, the more it attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
In Periodic table, when moving from left to right in a period, the electronegativity value increases. While moving from top to bottom within group, the electronegativity value decreases. Nonmetals have higher electronegativity values than metals. Metals gives electrons and nonmetals accepts electrons.
(d)
Interpretation:
The electronegativity of hydrogen has to be compared with period 2 elements based in the information from Figure 5-11.
Concept Introduction:
Close relationship between ionic and covalent bonding models becomes apparent if the bond polarity and electronegativity is considered. Electronegativity is the measure of relative attractive for the shared pair of electrons in a bond. Higher the electronegative value for an atom, the more it attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
In Periodic table, when moving from left to right in a period, the electronegativity value increases. While moving from top to bottom within group, the electronegativity value decreases. Nonmetals have higher electronegativity values than metals. Metals gives electrons and nonmetals accepts electrons.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Consider these compounds: A. PbBr, B. MnS C. Ag,CO3 D. AIPO, Complete the following statements by entering the letter(s) corresponding to the correct compound(s). (If more than one compound fits the description, include all the relevant compounds by writing your answer as a string of characters without punctuation, e.g, ABC.) Without doing any calculations it is possible to determine that magnesium fluoride is more soluble than and magnesium fluoride is less soluble than| It is not possible to determine whether magnesium fluoride is more or less soluble than by simply comparing Kgp values.arrow_forwardA metal ion with a 2+ charge has 23 electrons and forms a compound with a halogen ion that contains 17 protons. a. What is the identity of the metal ion? b. What is the identity of the halogen ¡on and how many electrons does it contain? c. Determine the compound that it forms and name it.arrow_forwardConsiderthese following ions: 02 -, N -, Li2 + and O - a. Based on molecular orbital theory (MOT), which of the ion(s) exhibit(s) paramagnetism? b. For those ions that are paramagnetic, determine the number of unpaired electrons. Support your answers with draw appropriate molecular orbital energy diagram.arrow_forward
- The elements oxygen and sulfur have similar chemical properties because they both have six electrons in their outermost electron shells. Indeed, both elements form molecules with two hydrogen atoms, water (H2O) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Surprisingly, at room temperature, water is a liquid, yet H2S is a gas, despite sulfur being much larger and heavier than oxygen. Explain why this might be the case.arrow_forwardThe molecular weight of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is46 and its density is 0.789 g/cm3.A. What is the molarity of ethanol in beer that is 5%ethanol by volume? [Alcohol content of beer varies fromabout 4% (lite beer) to 8% (stout beer).]B. The legal limit for a driver’s blood alcohol contentvaries, but 80 mg of ethanol per 100 mL of blood (usuallyreferred to as a blood alcohol level of 0.08) is typical. Whatis the molarity of ethanol in a person at this legal limit?C. How many 12-oz (355-mL) bottles of 5% beer coulda 70-kg person drink and remain under the legal limit? A70-kg person contains about 40 liters of water. Ignore themetabolism of ethanol, and assume that the water contentof the person remains constant.arrow_forwardFor Be-10, find the: a.) mase defect (in grams) b.) binding energy in kilojoules per mole. mass proton= 1.00728 amu; mass neutron= 1.00867 amu; mass Be-10 = 10.013534679 amuarrow_forward
- At 39.9ºC, a solution of ethanol (XetOH = 0.9006, P * etOH = 130.4 Torr) and isooctane (P * iso = 43.9 Torr) forms a vapor phase with YetOH = 0.6667. The total pressure is 185.9 a. Calculate the activity and the activity coefficient of each component.b. Calculate the total pressure the solution would have if it were ideal.c. Comparing the ideal pressure to the actual pressure, what does this indicate about the molecular interactions?arrow_forwardThe liquids butan-1-ol and butanal have similar molar masses. Which is expected to have the higher boiling point? Explain your choices.arrow_forwardA carbon atom contains six protons and six neutrons.A. What are its atomic number and atomic weight?B. How many electrons does it have?C. How many additional electrons must it add to fill its outermost shell? How does this affect carbon’s chemical behavior?D. Carbon with an atomic weight of 14 is radioactive. How does it differ in structure from nonradioactive carbon? How does this difference affect its chemical behavior?arrow_forward
- Nicotine, an alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants that is mainly responsible for the addictive nature of cigarettes, contains 74.02% C, 8.710% H, and 17.27% N. If 40.57 g of nicotine contains 0.2500 mol nicotine, what is the molecular formula?arrow_forwardCompound A has molecular formula C7H7X. Its 1H-NMR spectrum shows a singlet at 2.25 ppm and two doublets, one at 7.28 ppm and one at 7.39 ppm. The singlet has an integral of three and the doublets each have an integral of two. The mass spectrum of A shows a peak at m/z = 126 and another peak at m/z = 128; the relative height of the two peaks is 3:1 respectively. Identify what atom X is, explaining your reasoning and identify Compound A, explaining your reasoning.arrow_forwardExplain why lung and soft tissue appear different on a radiograph when they have both an effective atomic number of 7.4?arrow_forward
- Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage Learning
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