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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
In a nonpolar covalent bond, the degree of inequality in sharing of electrons has to be chosen from the given options.
Concept Introduction:
Close relationship between ionic and covalent bonding models becomes apparent if the bond polarity and electronegativity is considered. Electronegativity is the measure of relative attractive for the shared pair of electrons in a bond. Higher the electronegative value for an atom, the more it attracts the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
In Periodic table, when moving from left to right in a period, the electronegativity value increases. While moving from top to bottom within group, the electronegativity value decreases. Nonmetals have higher electronegativity values than metals. Metals gives electrons and nonmetals accepts electrons.
Bond polarity is the degree of inequality in the electron pair sharing between two atoms in a
The ionic and covalent bonds can be identified by using the electronegativity difference between the atoms that are bonded together.
- Bonds that are formed between two similar electronegative atoms are known as nonpolar covalent bonds. The electronegativity difference has to be 0.4 or less.
- The bonds that have electronegativity difference greater than 0.4 and lesser than 1.5 are known as polar covalent bonds.
- If the electronegativity difference is more than 2.0, then the bond is considered to be ionic.
- If the electronegativity difference is between 1.5 to 2.0, then the bond can be ionic or covalent depending upon the type of atoms that is bonded. If the bond is between a metal and nonmetal, then it is ionic and if it is between two nonmetals then it is polar covalent.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Substances those are partially dissolved in water are commonly known as اخترأحد الخيارات a. hydrophilic / hydrophobic b. false statement c. hydrophilic d. hydrophobic e. all given choices are incorrectarrow_forwardThe solubility of KI is 50 g / 100 g of water at 20 °C. If 110 g of Kl are added to 200 g water A. All of the Kl will dissolve B. The solution will freeze C. the container of the solution will feel warm to the touch D. a saturated solution will form E. an unsaturated solution will formarrow_forwardsubstance that do not dissolve well in water are a. hydrophobic b. hydrophilic c.isotonic d.polar e.saltsarrow_forward
- Answer the following questions concerning sulfathiazole below by filling ieach blank with the appropriate response. N S: sulfathiazole The hybridization of the nitrogen atom in sulfathiazole is A. sp B. sp² C. sp³ B. sp2 A. sp C. sp3arrow_forwardA. Storage form of metabolic fuel B. Have a protective function in bacteria, plant, and insects The structural component of membranes D. Exhibit increased catalytic activity C. ANSWER: RATIO: 6. Saturated fatty acids tend to be more A. Solid B. Liquid ANSWER: RATIO: 7. Which of the foliowing statements regarding unsaturated fats is true? A. Unsaturated fats contain carbon-carbon double bonds. B. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. C. Unsaturated fats have fewer hydrogens per carbon than a salurated fat with the same number of carbons. D. All of the above ANSWER: RATIO: 8. Types of omega-3-fatty acids. Select all that apply. A. Linoleic acid B. Linolenic acid C. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) D. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ANSWER: RATIO: 9. A type of omega-3 fatty acid that is found in plant oils. A. Linoleic acid B. Linolenic acid C. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) D. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ANSWER: RATIO: 10. The following is true about ergosterol, EXCEPT: (Select all that…arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds would be most soluble in carbon tetrachloride, CCl4? a. NH3 d. CH3OHb. H2O e. C6H6c. HClarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes the interaction between the amino acid last eluted and the anion exchanger at pH 7? a. dipole-dipole b. hydrophobic c. ionic d. H-bondingarrow_forwardFormation of a peptide bond is a. dehydration reaction b. reducing reaction c. electrophilic reaction d. nucleophilic reaction e. oxidizing reactionarrow_forwardA molecule that donates electrons becomes _________, and the one that accepts the electrons becomes ________ . a. reduced; oxidized c. oxidized; reduced b. ionic; electrified d. electrified; ionicarrow_forward
- This highly unstable agent can react strongly with DNA and proteins. a. ethylene oxide b. formaldehyde c. calcium hypochlorite d. triclosan e. hydrogen peroxidearrow_forwardThis occurs when the cations and anions are attracted to the positive and negative ends of water molecules: A. ionic bonding B. dissociation C. covalent bonding D. hydrogen bondingarrow_forwardThis is an _____ reaction since energy must be added to create product The potential energy of the reactants is ______ The potential energy of the products is ______ The change in potential energy, ΔE, is _____ A. exothermic B. endothermic C. unthermic D. 15 kcal/mol E. 40 kcal/mol F. 25 kcal/mol G. 50 kcal/mol H. 10 kcal/molarrow_forward
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