Chapter 5, Problem 6Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The three-dimensional formulas for two different enantiomers of ${\text{C}}_{\text{7}}{\text{H}}_{16}$ are to be written.

Concept introduction:

Plane of symmetry is the plane that bisects a molecule into two equal halves such that they are mirror images of each other.

Compounds having a plane of symmetry are usually achiral, that is, they do not have different atoms around the central carbon atom.

Chiral molecules have four different atoms around the central carbon atom.

First, give priority according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention rules:

i. The higher the atomic mass, the higher will be the priority.

ii. If priority cannot be assigned according to the atomic mass, assign priority according to the first point of difference.

$R-S$ configuration is used to differentiate between enantiomers.

After giving priority to four groups, rotate the molecule such that the fourth priority group is at a horizontal position.

Now, move from 1-2-3; if it is clockwise, then it is $\left(R\right)$ configuration and if it is anticlockwise, then it is $\left(S\right)$ configuration provided that the least priority group is in the horizontal position.

Enantiomers: Two molecules that are mirror images of each other and are non-superimposable. They have similar chemical and physical properties.