To determine: The policies to be promoted in order to reduce the incidences of prematurity and/or low birth weight.
Introduction: When a baby is born at a gestational age of less than 37 weeks, it is known as premature birth. Premature babies are seen to have complications during their birth as the organs may not be completely developed to be fully functional. Mental retardation is one of the pathological conditions seen in premature babies. Other respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal problems may also be associated with premature babies.
To determine: The policies to be promoted in order to reduce malformation of birth.
Introduction: Malformations of birth refers to the medical conditions that are present at the birth of a child. The malformation or defects may be physical or intellectual. Developmental malformation is also seen. Child having a birth defect either has problems with the shape of an organ or a body part or the way an organ works.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 51 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
- A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization to Birth 4. The gestation of a fetus occurs over 9 months and is divided into three trimesters. Describe the major events that occur in each trimester. Is there a point at which the fetus becomes more human?arrow_forwardWhich of the following consists of both fetal and maternal tissues? (a) umbilical cord (b) placenta (c) amnion (d) allantois (e) yolk sacarrow_forwardWhat technology would enable a fetus born in the fourth month to survive in a laboratory setting? (This is not yet possible.)arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is not true about the placenta? A. It provides exchange of wastes and nutrients between the mother and the fetus. B. It develops by the third month of gestation. C. It allows transfer of maternal immunoglobulin D. It allows passage of bacteria and virus. -Provide explanationarrow_forwardIt is no mystery how harmful a lot of environmental factors can be on a fetus nor is it misunderstood how important proper prenatal care is during pregnancy. Despite this, we have seen that many people do not receive the recommended care and children are still born with birth defects due to preventable teratogens. explain how you could reduce or eliminate these negative consequences.arrow_forwardin your own words write two paragraphs on the benefits of breastfeedingarrow_forward
- A friend of yours, who is 5 months pregnant, knows you've been studying growth and development. She says: "I need to go to the dentist tomorrow and I am due to get new x-rays taken of my teeth so they can look for cavities. I heard that pregnant women sometimes get cavities more easily, but I am also worried that the x-ray might harm my baby. What should I do?" You tell her:arrow_forwardSuppose that in the near future, you are a prenatal care provider. In the most recent ultrasound checkup on the expecting mother, you unfortunately found that the fetus is suffering a neural tube defect in the form of anencephaly. Seeing as the mother is still in the 12th week of pregnancy or the 1st trimester, the pregnancy can still be terminated via medical means. How would you explain to the parents the situation they are in?arrow_forwardThe placenta is your unborn baby's life support system and plays a key role in its development. Answer the following questions: Describe the functions performed by the placenta for the developing embryo, and in each case, explain the mechanism that allows it to perform such function. Recent studies suggest that the placenta is also an immunological organ. Explore current research literature and discuss mechanisms used by the placenta to block the mother’s immune response against the developing fetus.arrow_forward
- Normal childbirth is driven by a positive feedback loop. Analyze the given diagram and discuss in detail how the positive feedback loop controls child birth.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is incorrect?a. The placenta secretes hormones such as progesterone, hCG, and estrogen.b. Embryonic tissue and maternal tissue forms the placenta.c. The chorion supplies nutrients to the embryo by diffusion.d. The umbilical cord is formed by one artery and two veinsarrow_forwardHormonal birth control pills contain low doses of estrogen and progesterone. Taking these pills activates a negative feedback loop, inhibiting the production of FSH and LH. Explain how inhibiting FSH and LH prevents pregnancy.arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning