FLUID MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS+APPS
4th Edition
ISBN: 2810022150991
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: MCG
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Question
Chapter 6, Problem 104P
To determine
The reaction force in vertical direction required to hold the hose.
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An open reservoir on ground level is used to store
water to be pumped up to an overhead tank (also
open) 200 ft ave ground. Calculate the work done
by the pump (in J/kg) to give an exit velocity of 40
m/s. Ignore friction and use alpha = 1.00.
Evaluate the pressure term Evaluate he kinetic
energy term Evaluate the potential energy term
Hence calculate the work done by the pump What
minimum power of pump (in KW) would be
needed to provide a mass flowrate of 0.27 kg/s
Training
6-22 A 90° elbaw is used to direct water flow at a rate of
25 kgis in a horizontal pipe upward. The diameter of the
entire elbow is 10 cm. The elbow discharges water into the
atmosphere, and thus the pressure at the exit is the local
atmospheric pressure. The elevation difference between the
centers of the exit and the inlet of the elbow is 35 cm. The
weight of the elbow and the water in it is considered to be
negligible. Determine (a) the gage pressure at the center of
the inlet of the elbow and (b) the anchoring force needed to
hold the elbow in place. Take the momentum-flux correction
factor to be 1.03.
35 cm
Water
25 kg/s
3.) An air compressor handles 8.5 m’/min of with a density of 1.26 kg/m³ and a pressure of 1
atm, and it discharges at 445 kPa (gage) with a density of 4.86 kg/m³. The change in
specific internal energy across the compressor is 82 kJ/kg, and the heat loss by cooling is 24
kJ/kg. Neglecting changes in kinetic and potential energies, find (a) the work in kJ/kg and
(b) the power in kW.
Chapter 6 Solutions
FLUID MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS+APPS
Ch. 6 - Express Newton’s second law of motion for rotating...Ch. 6 - Express Newton’s first, second, and third laws.Ch. 6 - Is momentum a vector? If so, in what direction...Ch. 6 - Express the conservation of momentum principle....Ch. 6 - How do surface forces arise in the momentum...Ch. 6 - Explain the importance of the Reynolds transport...Ch. 6 - What is the importance of the momentum-flux...Ch. 6 - Write the momentum equation for steady...Ch. 6 - In the application of the momentum equation,...Ch. 6 - Two firefighters are fighting a fire with...
Ch. 6 - A rocket in space (no friction or resistance to...Ch. 6 - Describe in terms of momentum and airflow how a...Ch. 6 - Does it take more, equal, or less power for a...Ch. 6 - In a given location, would a helicopter require...Ch. 6 - Describe body forces and surface forces, and...Ch. 6 - A constant-velocity horizontal water jet from a...Ch. 6 - A horizontal water jet of constant velocity V from...Ch. 6 - A horizontal water jet from a nozzle of constant...Ch. 6 - A 2.5-cm-diameter horizontal water jet with a...Ch. 6 - A 90 elbow in a horizontal pipe is used to direct...Ch. 6 - Repeat Prob. 6-20 for the case of another...Ch. 6 - A horizontal water jet impinges against a vertical...Ch. 6 - Water enters a 7-cm-diameter pipe steadily with a...Ch. 6 - A reducing elbow in a horizontal pipe is used to...Ch. 6 - Repeat Prob. 6-24 for the case of = 125°.Ch. 6 - A 100-ft3/s water jet is moving in the positive...Ch. 6 - Reconsider Prob. 6-26E. Using appropriate...Ch. 6 - Commercially available large wind turbines have...Ch. 6 - A fan with 24-in-diameter blades moves 2000 cfm...Ch. 6 - A 3-in-diameter horizontal jet of water, with...Ch. 6 - Firefighters are holding a nozzle at the end of a...Ch. 6 - A 5-cm-diameter horizontal jet of water with a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 33PCh. 6 - A 3-in-diameter horizontal water jet having a...Ch. 6 - An unloaded helicopter of mass 12,000 kg hovers at...Ch. 6 - Prob. 36PCh. 6 - Water is flowing through a 10-cm-diameter water...Ch. 6 - Water flowing in a horizontal 25-cm-diameter pipe...Ch. 6 - Prob. 39PCh. 6 - Water enters a centrifugal pump axially at...Ch. 6 - An incompressible fluid of density and viscosity ...Ch. 6 - Consider the curved duct of Prob. 6-41, except...Ch. 6 - As a follow-up to Prob. 6-41, it turns out that...Ch. 6 - Prob. 44PCh. 6 - The weight of a water tank open to the atmosphere...Ch. 6 - A sluice gate, which controls flow rate in a...Ch. 6 - A room is to be ventilated using a centrifugal...Ch. 6 - How is the angular momentum equation obtained from...Ch. 6 - Prob. 49CPCh. 6 - Prob. 50CPCh. 6 - Prob. 51CPCh. 6 - A large lawn sprinkler with two identical arms is...Ch. 6 - Prob. 53EPCh. 6 - The impeller of a centrifugal pump has inner and...Ch. 6 - Water is flowing through a 15-cm-diameter pipe...Ch. 6 - Prob. 56PCh. 6 - Repeat Prob. 6-56 for a water flow rate of 60 L/s.Ch. 6 - Prob. 58PCh. 6 - Water enters the impeller of a centrifugal pump...Ch. 6 - A lawn sprinkler with three identical antis is...Ch. 6 - Prob. 62PCh. 6 - The impeller of a centrifugal blower has a radius...Ch. 6 - An 8-cm-diameter horizontal water jet having a...Ch. 6 - Water flowing steadily at a rate of 0.16 m3/s is...Ch. 6 - Repeat Prob. 6-66 by taking into consideration the...Ch. 6 - A 16-cm diameter horizontal water jet with a speed...Ch. 6 - Water enters vertically and steadily at a rate of...Ch. 6 - Repeal Prob. 6-69 for the case of unequal anus-the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 71PCh. 6 - Prob. 72PCh. 6 - A spacecraft cruising in space at a constant...Ch. 6 - A 60-kg ice skater is standing on ice with ice...Ch. 6 - A 5-cm-diameter horizontal jet of water, with...Ch. 6 - Water is flowing into and discharging from a pipe...Ch. 6 - Indiana Jones needs So ascend a 10-m-high...Ch. 6 - Prob. 79EPCh. 6 - A walnut with a mass of 50 g requires a force of...Ch. 6 - Prob. 81PCh. 6 - Prob. 82PCh. 6 - A horizontal water jet of constant velocity V...Ch. 6 - Show that the force exerted by a liquid jet on a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 85PCh. 6 - Prob. 86PCh. 6 - Water enters a mixed flow pump axially at a rate...Ch. 6 - Prob. 88PCh. 6 - Water enters a two-armed lawn sprinkler along the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 91PCh. 6 - Prob. 92PCh. 6 - Prob. 93PCh. 6 - Prob. 94PCh. 6 - A water jet strikes a moving plate at velocity...Ch. 6 - Water flows at mass flow rate m through a 90°...Ch. 6 - Prob. 97PCh. 6 - Water shoots out of a Iar2e tank sitting a cart...Ch. 6 - Prob. 99PCh. 6 - Prob. 100PCh. 6 - Prob. 101PCh. 6 - Consider water flow through a horizontal, short...Ch. 6 - Consider water flow through a horizontal. short...Ch. 6 - Prob. 104PCh. 6 - Prob. 105PCh. 6 - Prob. 106PCh. 6 - The velocity of wind at a wind turbine is measured...Ch. 6 - The ve1ocity of wind at a wind turbine is measured...Ch. 6 - Prob. 109PCh. 6 - Prob. 110PCh. 6 - Prob. 111PCh. 6 - Consider the impeller of a centrifugal pump with a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 113PCh. 6 - Prob. 114P
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- A horizontal water jet with a flow rate of V. and crosssectional area of A drives a covered cart of mass mc along a level and nearly frictionless path. The jet enters a hole at the rear of the cart and all water that enters the cart is retained, increasing the system mass. The relative velocity between the jet of constant velocity VJ and the cart of variable velocity V is VJ − V. If the cart is initially empty and stationary when the jet action is initiated, develop a relation (integral form is acceptable) for cart velocity versus time.arrow_forwardIn the jet impact experiment, water jet impacts on a curved vane in the vertical direction. As shown in the figure below, the exit has an angle with respect to the vertical direction. The distance from the nozzle to the vane surface at the exit is h. The water volume flow rate is measured to be Q, the density of water is p, and the cross section area of the nozzle is A₁. Assume that the flow has reached the steady state. (1) Use the Bernoulli's equation to determine the velocity Vout at the exit of the vane. Assume that friction between water and the curved vane can be neglected. (2) Apply the Reynolds transport theorem to derive the expression of the impact force F, on the curved vane (neglect the jet weight). (3) Under the condition of a fixed volume flow rate Q, determine the maximum impact force Fr,max that can be obtained when the angle varies (e.g. in different vane designs). Va out 9 Ao Vout harrow_forwardWater enters the impeller of a centrifugal pump radially at a rate of 45 cfm (cubic feet per minute) when the shaft is rotating at 500 rpm. The tangential component of absolute velocity of water at the exit of the 2-ft outer diameter impeller is 110 ft/s. Determine the torque applied to the impeller and the minimum power input to the pumparrow_forward
- A reducing bend with an inlet diameter of 200 mm and exit diameter of 150 mm bends 40 degreesupwards. The water velocity and corresponding pressure at the inlet to the band is 4, 5 m/s and 70 kParespectively. Determine the weight flow, the water flow velocity at the exit to the bend, the bend exitpressure if the friction head loss through the bend section is 2 m and the magnitude and direction ofthe resultant force flowing through the bend.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardWater with a density of 1.94 slug/ft³ is in a cart. Water is ejected from the cart with a velocity of 45 ft/s and a flow rate of 200 gal/min. It leaves at an angle of 60°. Assume the water inside the cart is motionless. a. Sketch the control volume b. Find the force F required to keep the cart in place 45 ft/s 60°arrow_forward
- A car is traveling on a straight road at 35 m/s. The power being supplied to the wheels is 42000 W. Find the driving friction force on the tiresarrow_forwardA jet of water with a velocity of 30 m/s impinges on a series of smooth vanes, moving with a velocity of 12 m/s, at an angle of 30° to the direction of motion of vanes. The vane angle at outlet is 18°. Find i. the vane angle at inlet so that the water enters without shock ii. the absolute velocity of the water at exit, and iii. the work done on the vanes per unit weight of water per sec entering the vanes.arrow_forwardHydro-machinery such as turbines and pumps represent fluid devices that have wide variety of configurations. Centrifugal pumps add energy to a fluid – by doing work on the fluid to move and increase the pressure. Figure 3 below shows the velocity diagram at the inlet and exit of a centrifugal pump impeller pumping water at 6000 L/min and operating at 1750 rpm. The pump has a blade height, b, of 6cm with ri = 4cm and r2 = 16cm, with an exit blade angle B2 = 22°. Assume ideal flow conditions and that the tangentia! velocity component of the water entering the blade is zero. Analyze the pump in terms of tangential velocity component at the exit Ve2, the ideal head W shaft rise hi, and the power transferred to the fluid Jaz V Figure 3arrow_forward
- The figure shows a portion of a fire protection system in which a pump draws water at 60°F(v=1.21 x10-5 m² from a reservoir and delivers it to a point B at the flow rate of 1500 gal/min. Calculate the required height of the the water level in the tank in order to maintain 5.0 Psig pressure at point Aarrow_forwardCalculate the resultant force required in kN to hold a 90° elbow in place when attached to DN 150 Schedule 40 pipes carrying water at 0.1768 m3/s and 1 050 kPa. Neglect energy lost in the elbow. Do not include direction for the final answer! NB: Assume a water density of 1000 kg/m3 and use appropriate appendix to obtain necessary data. Hint: Draw a diagram showing the pipe system with the bent at the bottom right corner, water flowing from left to right then up to help you analyse the problem. Sign Conversion: North (+) and West (+)arrow_forward(b) A 90° elbow in a horizontal pipe is used to direct water flow upward at a rate of 40 kg/s, as shown in the Figure 2. The diameter of the entire elbow is 10 cm. The elbow discharges water into the atmosphere, and thus the pressure at the exit is the local atmospheric pressure. The elevation difference between the centres of the exit and the inlet of the elbow is 50 cm. The weight of the elbow and the water in it is considered to be negligible. i) Draw an appropriate control volume for the flow and state all your assumptions clearly. ii) Determine the gage pressure at the centre of the inlet of the elbow iii) Determine the anchoring force needed to hold the elbow in place 50 cm Water 40 kg/s Figure 2arrow_forward
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