Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 11PS
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The amount of
Introduction:
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Students have asked these similar questions
Decylic acid is a saturated fatty
acid that occurs naturally in
coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Calculate the net ATP yield when
decylic acid undergoes complete
B oxidation. The formula of
decylic acid is shown below:
(Given: The oxidation of one
NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the
oxidation of one FADH2 yields
1.5 ATP; and the oxidation of
one acetyl CoA yields 10 ATP.)
O 50 ATP
O 52 ATP
66 ATP
OH
O 64 ATP
How much fat (in grams) would the body have to burn to produce the daily minimum
requirement of 40 kg ATP from ADP and phosphate? Assume that: 1. The fat is
metabolized completely to water and carbon dioxide. 2. The energy that is released
can be used entirely for ATP production. 3. Complete oxidation of 1 g of fat to water
and CO2 releases 9 kcal or 37 kJ. 4. The Delta G for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol.
You will have to look up one more value online to answer this question, but you do
not need to know anything about lipid metabolism.
A) approx. 16 to 17 g of fat
B) approx. 65 to 66 g of fat
C) approx 22 to 23 kg of fat
D) approx. 267 to 268 g of fat
E) approx. 5 to 6 kg of fat
Fill in the missing numbers to complete the following statement regarding the pentose phosphate pathway.
The oxidation of 6 mol of glucose by the pentose phosphate pathway may result in the production of ______ mol of pentose, ______ mol of NADPH and ______ mol of CO2.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements is a correct...Ch. 6 - Why are plants called producers? Why are animals...Ch. 6 - How is your breathing related to your cellular...Ch. 6 - Of the three stages of cellular respiration, which...Ch. 6 - The final electron acceptor of electron transport...Ch. 6 - The poison cyanide acts by blocking a key step in...Ch. 6 - Cells can harvest the most chemical energy from...Ch. 6 - _______ is a metabolic pathway common to both...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9SQCh. 6 - A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an aerobic...
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- The break down of sugar occurs in biological cells. It goes through multiple stages to produce energy that cells use. One series of reactions during this process is call the citrus acid cycle. Discuss how you could either speed up or slow down the degradation of glucose through the citrus acid cycle? (Hint: look at the citrus acid cycle and choose one step)arrow_forwardLauric acid is a 12-carbon fatty acid with no double bonds. The sodium salt of lauric acid (sodium laurate) is a common detergent used in a variety of products, including laundry detergent, shampoo, and toothpaste. How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are required to synthesize lauric acid?arrow_forwardA group of researchers are interested in producing hydrogen gas from microbial cells. They want to know the maximum theoretical yield of H2 per molecule of glucose. Assuming that a glucose molecule fed to a cell is directly converted to glucose-6-phosphate(G6P) and undergoes the pentose phosphate pathway. Calculate how many molecules of NADPH can be obtained from this pathway along Co2 and H+.arrow_forward
- Using the following diagram, a. name all the steps in citric acid cycle. (What are the intermediates) b. Is glycolysis endothermic or exothermic. Thanksarrow_forwardThe metabolic reactions and enzymes that require NAD/NADH are shown in Figure 1. However, it is not specified whether oxidized or reduced NAD is used in each reaction, nor what form of NAD is produced as a product. Add this specificity to the attached figure. You are also welcome to draw your own figure.arrow_forwardDescribe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as wellarrow_forward
- The following nutrient molecule is digested and transported to a cell where it undergoes further catabolism: HO HO он OH HO- OH OH OH In the table below, list the important products of the complete glycolysis of this molecule. • In the first column of the table, write the chemical formula, name, or standard biochemical symbol for a product molecule. In the second column, write the total number of these molecules produced. Add Row • Only list the important products, including (1) molecules with any of the carbon atoms originally in the molecule above, (2) energy storage molecules (like ATP), and (3) any newly oxidized or reduced coenzymes. • List each product molecule on a separate row. You can add more rows to the table if you need them. • Be sure you write the number of product molecules formed by the complete glycolysis of the molecule above. • If the molecules does not undergo glycolysis at all, check the box under the table and leave the table blank. product (name, chemical…arrow_forwardTable 9.2 shows that Go’ for the aldolase reaction is large, and positive, yet the reaction proceeds in the forward direction. Using the metabolite concentrations in table 9.3, calculate the actual G in the cell for the reaction to show that it is consistent with the value reported in table 9.2. Explain in words the strategy the cell uses to keep glycolysis moving in the forward direction (1-2 sentences).arrow_forwardThe number of calories used during physical exercise is greater than the number of calories used for the movements themselves. This may be caused in part by exercise-induced expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in subcutaneous fat. Subcutaneous fat is mostly white fat cells but can also contain brown fat cells in mice and humans. As part of a thermogenesis program, UCP1 directly reduces the proton gradient driving oxidative phosphorylation. UCP1 expression is a characteristic of brown fat cells only and is induced by the protein irisin. The data in Table 1 address the relationship between exercise and: in both wild-type mice and mice with overexpression skeletal muscle PGC-1a (a transcription factor whose expression in skeletal muscle is induced by exercise). Table 1 Effects of Exercise and PGC-1a on UCP1, FNDC5, Irisin, and Adiponectin • expression of UCP1 in subcutaneous fat cells, • expression of FNDC5 (a transmembrane protein in skeletal muscle plasma membranes), • blood…arrow_forward
- The number of calories used during physical exercise is greater than the number of calories used for the movements themselves. This may be caused in part by exercise-induced expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in subcutaneous fat. Subcutaneous fat is mostly white fat cells but can also contain brown fat cells in mice and humans. As part of a thermogenesis program, UCP1 directly reduces the proton gradient driving oxidative phosphorylation. UCP1 expression is a characteristic of brown fat cells only and is induced by the protein irisin. The data in Table 1 address the relationship between exercise and: in both wild-type mice and mice with overexpression skeletal muscle PGC-1a (a transcription factor whose expression in skeletal muscle is induced by exercise). Table 1 • expression of UCP1 in subcutaneous fat cells, • expression of FNDC5 (a transmembrane protein in skeletal muscle plasma membranes), • blood levels of irisin (a soluble protein formed by cleaving the extracellular…arrow_forwardComplete catabolism of one glucose molecule yields 38 ATP molecules. How many moles of ATP are produced by the complete catabolism of 10 moles of glucose?arrow_forwardWe have discussed the aerobic metabolism of glucose extensively in this class. To capture and use the energy in glucose to make ATP, we must utilize 4 different sequential pathways/steps. Starting with one glucose molecule and eventually ending with CO2, H20 and ATP, list the 4 pathways/steps in order and tell me what molecules enter each pathway, and what the final products of each pathway are.arrow_forward
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