EBK BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220102797352
Author: Raven
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 6, Problem 3A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The cells use the ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules for carrying out the energy-requiring processes. The ATP is the high energy phosphate compound. The energy of the cell is stored in the bonds of the ATP molecule. Hence, it is also referred to as the currency of the cell.
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oxidase
12 Cyanide is a toxic chemical that hinders the production of ATP by inhibiting the enzyme cytochrome
a. Using the graph to explain whether cyanide's inhibition of cytochrome oxidase is competitive or non
competitive inhibition. Provide evidence to support your answer.
b. Using the graph below, draw an additional curve on the graph here you would expect the other type of
inhibition to lie and label the lines competitive and non competitive inhibitor.
Reaction
Rate
↑
-Without Cyanide ->
With Cyanide
Substrate Concentration ㅋ
Relating to bioenergetics:
a. The equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 6.8 x 10-5 which makes this reaction exergonic. True or False?b. All processes that occur in the universe are spontaneous and have low enough activation energies that molecules can often overcome the energy barrier. True or False?c. ATP has a highly negative free energy change in part because the negative charges on the oxygens repel each other in ATP but less so in ADP. True or False?
Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) the reaction:
ADP + Pi + H+ → ATP + H2O ΔG°'= +7.29 kcalmolkcalmol
A. ATP is less stable than ADP.
B. Hydrolysis of ATP is spontaneous.
C. Phosphorylation of ADP is nonspontaneous.
D. Conversion of ATP to ADP will release heat.
Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 6 - A covalent bond between two atoms represents what...Ch. 6 - During a redox reaction the molecule that gains an...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3UCh. 6 - A spontaneous reaction is one in which a. the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 5UCh. 6 - Which of the following is NOT a properly of a...Ch. 6 - Where is the energy stored in a molecule of ATP?...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1ACh. 6 - Which of the following statements is NOT true...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3A
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Similar questions
- Which of the following statements are true? Explain. I. ATP synthesis will cease to occur when the electron flow is blocked by cyanide. II. 2,4-DNP allows electron flow to continue in the ETC without the synthesis of ATP. III. -ΔG is the quantity that signifies that the reaction is SPONTANEOUS.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning ATP is true? a. The free energy value for the hydrolysis of ATP is nearly the same for ADP. b. The free energy value for the hydrolysis of ATP is greater than that for ADP. c. ATP hydrolysis is more likely at pH 5 than at pH 7. d. One mole of glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate can phosphorylate one mole of AMP to yield ATP.arrow_forwardUsing understanding of the thermodynamics laws, explain the energy transformations for the following processes. a. Glucose – Pyruvase + 2ATF + 2NADH b. Pyruvate – Acetyl-CoA + NaDH c. Citric acid – Oxoloacetate + 3NaDH + FADH2 + ATP d. H20 at PSII – ATP e. Photon at PSI – NADPH f. Co2 + RuBp – 3PG + ATP + NADPH – G3P (1/6 of which is converted to glucose)arrow_forward
- PEP and 2-PG have similar amounts of potential metabolic energy with respect to decomposition to Pi, CO2 and H2O, but the enolase reaction: a. creates a much more unstable reactive intermediate. b. rearranges 2-PG to a form with greater binding potential to the enzyme. c. rearranges 2-PG into a form from which more potential energy can be released by hydrolysis. d. changes the DG of the reaction to increase the potential energy. e. none are true. 2.Lactate produced by anaerobic muscle tissue is: a. stored in muscle until oxygen is available. b. further reduced to glycerol in muscle. c. transferred to erythrocytes to release oxygen from hemoglobin. d. carried by the blood to the liver for gluconeogenesis and converted to glucose. e. none of the above. 3. Which of the following enzymes is NOT used when fructose is metabolized to pyruvate in the liver? a. triose phosphate isomerase b.…arrow_forwardThe Km value of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and its Vmax is 70 mmol/min. What is the rate of the reaction of the reaction when the substrate concentration is 7 × 10−2 mmol/min? a. 35 mmol/min b. 50 mmol/min c. 60 mmol/min d. 70 mmol/minarrow_forwardWhich of the following which of the following reactions is an endergonic reaction that could occur in a cell, but only if coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP? ( delta G= -32 kJ/ mol)?arrow_forward
- Consider the following free energy diagram for an uncatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Select all the statements that are true. Without enzyme With enzyme A+B Time AB Oa. The reaction is now spontaneous due to the addition of enzyme b. The rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction is faster than the uncatalyzed reaction O C. The reaction is exergonic O d. The change in free energy for the reaction is greater in the catalyzed reaction, compared to the uncatalyzed reaction e. The enzyme stabilizes the transition state for the reaction Released Energy pesarrow_forwardHow much fat (in grams) would the body have to burn to produce the daily minimum requirement of 40 kg ATP from ADP and phosphate? Assume that: 1. The fat is metabolized completely to water and carbon dioxide. 2. The energy that is released can be used entirely for ATP production. 3. Complete oxidation of 1 g of fat to water and CO2 releases 9 kcal or 37 kJ. 4. The Delta G for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol. You will have to look up one more value online to answer this question, but you do not need to know anything about lipid metabolism. A) approx. 16 to 17 g of fat B) approx. 65 to 66 g of fat C) approx 22 to 23 kg of fat D) approx. 267 to 268 g of fat E) approx. 5 to 6 kg of fatarrow_forwardb and e are wrong, please give the correct answer and explanarrow_forward
- The formation of ATP by ATP Synthase is part of a coupled reaction, as discussed in class. Given the information below and using what you know about ATP Synthase and the proton motive force, calculate the overall AG and determine if the coupled reaction is favorable overall. Note that you do not need to worry about intermediates like we did for the class example. ADP + Pi → ATP has a AG = 7.3 kcal/mol 2 moles of protons traveling back down their gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane has a AG = -10.28 kcal/mol %3D O a. Overall AG = -17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overall O b. Overall AG = -2.98 kcal/mol, favorable overall %3D O c. Overall AG = 2.98 kcal/mol, unfavorable overall O d. Overall AG = 17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overallarrow_forwardConsider the following free energy diagram for an uncatalyzed and enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Select all the statements that are true. Without enzyme With enzyme A+B Time AB O a. The rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction is faster than the uncatalyzed reaction O b. The change in free energy for the reaction is greater in the catalyzed reaction, compared to the uncatalyzed reaction O c. The enzyme stabilizes the transition state for the reaction Od. The reaction is exergonic е. The reaction is now spontaneous due to the addition of enzyme Released Energyarrow_forwardWhat factors contribute to the ease by which the phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed by Mg-ATPase? A. The presence of Mg++ ions that immobilizes the electron dense oxygen B. The increase in electrophilicity of the phosphorus atom because of competing resonance. C. The presence of coenzymes that facilitate bond breakage by stabilizing the intermediates of the reaction. D. Both A and B O E. All of thesearrow_forward
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