(a)
Interpretation:
The
pH definition:
The concentration of hydrogen ion is measured using
The
On rearranging, the concentration of hydrogen ion
(a)
Answer to Problem 6D.13E
The
Explanation of Solution
The
If consider,
Therefore, the
(b)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(b)
Answer to Problem 6D.13E
The
Explanation of Solution
The equilibrium reaction of methylamine is given below.
The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.
Initial concentration | 0.20 | 0 | 0 |
Change in concentration | -x | +x | +x |
Equilibrium concentration | 0.20-x | x | x |
The equilibrium concentration values obtained in the above table is substituted in the above equation and is given below.
Methylamine
Therefore, the
The obtained
The above equation, assume that the x present in 0.20-x is very small than 0.20 then it can be negligible and as follows,
Now, the
Therefore, the calculated
(c)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Answer to Problem 6D.13E
The
Explanation of Solution
Acetic acid is a weak acid when it is dissolved in water it ionized as positive and negative ions and it is given below.
The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.
Initial concentration | 0.20 | 0 | 0 |
Change in concentration | -x | +x | +x |
Equilibrium concentration | 0.20-x | x | x |
The equilibrium concentration values are obtained in the above table and is substituted in above equation and is given below.
Acetic acid
The above equation, assume that the x present in 0.20-x is very small than 0.20 then it can be negligible and as follows,
Now, the
Therefore, the calculated
(d)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Answer to Problem 6D.13E
The
Explanation of Solution
Aniline is a weak base when it is dissolved in water it ionized as positive and negative ions and it is given below.
The equilibrium expression for the above reaction is given below.
Initial concentration | 0.20 | 0 | 0 |
Change in concentration | -x | +x | +x |
Equilibrium concentration | 0.20-x | x | x |
The equilibrium concentration values are obtained in the above table and is substituted in above equation and is given below.
Aniline
The above equation, assume that the x present in 0.20-x is very small than 0.20 then it can be negligible and as follows,
Therefore, the concentration of
The
Therefore, the calculated
Using the
Therefore, the
The solutions are ranked in the order of increasing pH and it is given below.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
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