Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 14TYK
Apply Evolutionary Thinking Which of the two phosphorylation mechanisms, oxidative phosphorylation or substrate-level phosphorylation, is likely to have appeared first in evolution? Why?
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What is substrate-level phosphorylation and electron transfer phosphorylation? Compare and contrast the two. (hint: what is phosphorylation)
(Biochemistry topics: Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport.)
There is a reciprocal regulation of glycolytic and gluconeogenic reactions interconverting fructose-6-phosphate and fructose-1,6-biphosphate. Which one of the following statements about this regulation is not correct?
This regulation allows control of the direction of net metabolite flow through the pathway.
Fructose-2,6- bisphosphate activates phosphofructokinase-1.
Fructose-2,6-biphosphate inhibits fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
The fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase reaction is exergonic.
The PFK1 reaction is exergonic.
You have discovered a protein that is able to add a phosphate to ADP without the help of a proton gradient. As a result you know
a.
this is an example of substrate level phosphorylation.
b.
this must be a mutant protein as ATP is only made by ATP synthase in the mitochondria.
c.
this protein must be found in plants only.
d.
this protein would be found in Complex I of the electronic transport chain (ETC).
e.
the action of this protein is known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.1 - Distinguish between cellular respiration and...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.2 - What is the redox reaction in glycolysis?Ch. 7.2 - How is ATP synthesized in glycolysis?Ch. 7.3 - Summarize the fate of pyruvate molecules produced...Ch. 7.4 - What distinguishes the four complexes of the...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.5 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1SBCh. 7.6 - What are the types of molecules that are the...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 3SBCh. 7 - What is the final acceptor for electrons in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 7 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 7 - Which of the following statements is false?...Ch. 7 - In the 1950s, a diet pill that had the effect of...Ch. 7 - Discuss Concepts Why do you think nucleic acids...Ch. 7 - A hospital patient was regularly found to be...Ch. 7 - 13. There are several ways to measure...Ch. 7 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Which of the two...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 7 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 7 - As CO2 concentrations increase in the atmosphere,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following is incorrect about the ATP synthase mechanism? a. It explains how ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP and Pi b. At any moment, each catalytic site has a different conformation and binding affinity c. It is called the binding change mechanism d. It involves rotation-driven conformational changes that alter the affinity of each catalytic subunitarrow_forwardIn a short essay (100–150 words), explain how oxidative phosphorylation— production of ATP using energy from the redox reactions of a spatially organized electron transport chain followed by chemiosmosis—is an example of how new properties emerge at each level of the biological hierarchyarrow_forwardIndicate what step each of the events in the glycolysis pathway the following takes place: a. First phosphorylation of ADP occurs b. First “energy-rich” compound is produced c. Second “ energy-rich” compound is produced d. Frist isomerization reaction occursarrow_forward
- Another scientist wants to generate an organism where glycolysis and the TCA cycle occur in the same cellular compartment (either cytosol or mitochondria). Choose one of these cellular compartments and the drawbacks and advantages of this. Also, provide any necessary cellular or metabolic modifications necessary to assure that something like this would be possible.arrow_forwardWhich of the takes place during oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria? a. protons are pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space b. protons are pumped from the intermembrane space to the matrix c. electrons are pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space d. electrons are pumped from the intermembrane space to the matrix e. NADH is pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane spacearrow_forwardLook at the cellular respiration reaction. What reactants and/or catalysts (enzymes) does the yeast supply? What does the juice supply? What is the product of respiration that we need? In other words, why do organisms need cellular respiration? Propose an alternative experiment to test rates of cellular respiration besides measuring acid production (hint: look at the reaction equation). Do some reading and discuss some applications of fermentation in biotechnology, food production, or medicine.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oxidative phosphorylation? Oxidation and phosphorylation are coupled via a proton gradient. A large positive difference in reduction potential is associated with a small negative free energy change. Electrons from FADH2 enter at complex II because the reduction potential of FADH2 is greater than that of redox centers in complex I. The pH is higher in the matrix relative to that in the inter-membrane space.arrow_forwardEnzymatic reactions within a cell are often specific for their substrates. Enzymes that use ATP will not efficiently use dATP. Enzymes that use NADH cannot use NADPH instead and enzymes that work on alpha glucose can’t work on beta glucose linkages. What physical property of enzymes causes them to be so picky?arrow_forwardWhich of the following are spontaneous processes?Explain your answer for each process.(a) The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi(b) The oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O by an organism(c) The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP(d) The production of glucose and O2 from CO2 and H2O inphotosynthesisarrow_forward
- Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms carry out some form of glycolysis. How does ha fact support or not support the assertion that glycolysis is one of the oldest metabolic pathways?arrow_forwardExplain the difference between substrate-level phosphorylationand electron transfer phosphorylationarrow_forwardWhich of the following processes is mediated by the F0F1 ATP Synthase complex? a NADH oxidation b Osmosis c Substrate level phosphorylation d Conversion of potential energy to mechanical energy to chemical energyarrow_forward
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