Concept explainers
To analyze:
Considering the results of
Introduction:
Meselson and Stahl performed an experiment to identify the mechanism of DNA replication in any known or unknown organism. In this experiment, an organism that possessed double stranded DNA was allowed to grow on a medium containing
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GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
- Suppose you have a cell-lysis sample containing genomic DNA and a complex mixture of proteins and debris. Describe different commonly used analytical methods to i) separate and purify DNA contents from other cellular contents. ii) amplify a gene of interest if present in the genomic DNA.arrow_forwardassume standard volumes, it is complete question.arrow_forwardThe following image is of an agarose gel. If DNA samples were loaded to this gel and the electrophoresis experiment was started, explain what would happen and why.arrow_forward
- Engineered bacteria are commonly used and cultured in pharmaceutical laboratories to produced drugs like insulin. However, during one instance, with the desire to increase the rate of insulin production, one scientist tried to modify the process and put another substance (chemical x) in the growth medium which is chemically almost the same to the substance (chemical x’) normally put in the medium. After which, the scientist found out that the amount of insulin produced in the medium decreases as compared to the normal production. Again, within the context of our discussion, explain the possible reason for the observed result.arrow_forward"the supplement that restored growth would be the molecule that the mutant strain could not synthesize" Explain this statement ?arrow_forwardExplain Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment (the 1940's) with capsule forming bacteria (smooth) and non-capsule forming bacteria (rough). What did this classic experiment demonstrate?Why would a rapidly growing bacterial cell be killed by an antibiotic that blocks DNA replication? Suppose the bacteria form a biofilm on a catheter in a patient. Why might the bacteria have become resistant to the antibiotic?arrow_forward
- DNA replication is critical to the growth of microbes. Describe the mechanism used by prokaryotes to replicate their DNA.arrow_forwardIf five E. coli cells are placed into sterile nutrient media under optimal conditions (with a growth rate of 20 minutes per cell division), how many E. coli cells will be present after 6 hours of optimal growth? 5 x 26 = 320 cells 5 x 29 = 2,560 cells 5 x 212 = 20,480 cells 5 x 215 = 163,840 cells 5 x 218 = 1,310,720 cellsarrow_forward"Hybridization of a single-stranded DNA molecule attached to a fluorophore with a preparation of metaphase chromosomes that have been partially denatured" is a description of which laboratory method?arrow_forward
- When present on the leaves of plants, the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae can promote frost damage to plants. Mutant strains, lacking the “ice” gene, have been applied to plants to try and protect the plants from wild-type P. syringae-induced frost. Assume that I am telling the truth that wild-type P. syringae nucleates ice formation at -2 °C, and provide an explanation as to why application of this altered (mutant) bacterium to plants might be a beneficial agricultural strategy in areas where morning lows occasionally dip down to 28-30 °F.arrow_forwardElectrophoresis is an extremely useful procedure when applied to analysis of nucleic acids as it can resolve molecules of different sizes with relative ease and accuracy. Large molecules migrate more slowly than small molecules in agarose gels. However, the fact that nucleic acids of the same length may exist in a variety of conformations can often complicate the interpretation of electrophoretic separations. For instance, when a single species of a bacterial plasmid is isolated from cells, the individual plasmids may exist in three forms (depending on the genotype of their host and conditions of isolation): superhelical/supercoiled (form I), nicked/ open circle (form II), and linear (form III). Form I is compact and very tightly coiled, with both DNA strands continuous. Form II exists as a loose circle because one of the two DNA strands has been broken, thus releasing the supercoil. All three have the same mass, but each will migrate at a different rate through a gel. Based on your…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of the gel electrophoresis shown? Note: Only one can be true... I'm between c or d. Previous answer confused me more. A) the power source has not been turned on yet. B) the three wells contained the same DNA molecules. C) well #1 had fewer molecules of DNA than well #2 or #3 D) well #3 had more different sized molecules of DNA than well #1 or #2arrow_forward
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