GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135349298
Author: Sanders
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 31P
A PCR reaction begins with one double-stranded segment of DNA. How many double-stranded copies of DNA are present after the completion of
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PCR is an exponential copying of the template strands and can be represented by the function: y = a * 2n, where a is the initial number of template copies and n is equal to the number of cycles PCR has gone through. How many DNA fragments would be produced after:
15 cycles?
13 cycles with 13 starting template strands?
29 cycles with 32 starting template strands?
Assuming you started with only one copy of a DNA sequence, how many copies should be present after 15 cycles of PCR?
After four cycles of PCR, which products predominate? Explain why.
Chapter 7 Solutions
GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
Ch. 7 - What results from the experiments of Frederick...Ch. 7 - 7.2 Explain why Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s in...Ch. 7 - 7.3 Hershey and Chase selected the bacteriophage...Ch. 7 - 7.4 Explain how the Hershey and Chase experiment...Ch. 7 - 7.5 One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the...Ch. 7 - 7.6 The principles of complementary base pairing...Ch. 7 - For the following fragment of DNA, determine the...Ch. 7 - 7.8 Figures present simplified depictions of...Ch. 7 - 7.9 Consider the sequence -ACGCTACGTC-.
What is...Ch. 7 - DNA polymerase III is the main DNA-synthesizing...
Ch. 7 - There is a problem completing the replication of...Ch. 7 - Explain how RNA participates in DNA replication.Ch. 7 - A sample of double-stranded DNA is found to...Ch. 7 - Bacterial DNA polymerase I and DNA polymerase III...Ch. 7 - Diagram a replication fork in bacterial DNA and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 16PCh. 7 - Which of the following equalities is not true for...Ch. 7 - List the order in which the following proteins and...Ch. 7 - Two viral genomes are sequenced, and the following...Ch. 7 - Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl demonstrated...Ch. 7 - Raymond Rodriguez and colleagues demonstrated...Ch. 7 - 7.22 Joel Huberman and Arthur Riggs used pulse...Ch. 7 - 7.23 Why do the genomes of eukaryotes, such as...Ch. 7 - Bloom syndrome (OMIM 210900) is an autosomal...Ch. 7 - 7.25 How does rolling circle replication (see...Ch. 7 - Telomeres are found at the ends of eukaryotic...Ch. 7 - A family consisting of a mother (I-1), a father...Ch. 7 - In a dideoxy DNA sequencing experiment, four...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29PCh. 7 - Using an illustration style and labeling similar...Ch. 7 - A PCR reaction begins with one double-stranded...Ch. 7 - Prob. 32PCh. 7 - Prob. 33PCh. 7 - 7.34 A sufficient amount of a small DNA fragment...Ch. 7 - You are participating in a study group preparing...Ch. 7 - Prob. 36PCh. 7 - The following diagram shows the parental strands...Ch. 7 - Go to the OMIM website...
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- In PCR, the goal is to make copies of?arrow_forwardThe PCR reaction contains deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) in order to construct new DNA. There are four different dNTPs used in this reaction. Which answer below lists the four different dNTPs used in PCR? A) DNA polymerase, helicase, ligase, topoisomerase B) adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine C) adenine, guanine,cytosine, uracil D) Alanine, guanine, cytosine, Theron onearrow_forwardHow does PCR minimize the problems associated with degraded DNA? What factors can cause DNA to become degraded?arrow_forward
- (A) After three cycles of PCR, how many DNA molecules are present that correspond precisely to the desired amplification product? (B) What about after 5 cycles. Assume that we started with one molecule in each case, and that the reaction is perfectly efficient.arrow_forwardHow many PCR cycles are required to generate double-stranded target fragments?arrow_forwardExplain why a positive control and negative control are included in PCR experiments. Explain the three steps involved in each cycle of polymerase chain reaction.Why is loading dye added to the DNA sample for gel electrophoresis? Explain the function of the following components in a PCR reaction:− Primer, dNTP, MgCl, Taq polymerase, buffer.arrow_forward
- Most PCR reactions do not use the more expensive types of DNA polymerase, which have DNA proofreading. How might this be a problem in accurately copying specific DNA sequences of the target gene?arrow_forwardWhat properties of DNA does PCR take advantage of?arrow_forwardHow is DNA amplified in a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) procedure?arrow_forward
- Ben used the following primer pairs to amplify the COI region of his DNA template: Afterwards, he used Agarose Gel Electrophoresis to visualize the PCR products. Based on the gel: a) Was he able to successfully amplify the desired region in all replicates? b) Are there errors in Ben's gel? Does he need to repeat his PCR?arrow_forwardThe sequence of a template DNA is GGGCCATTCGAACGTCCGAAAATGCCCCTGAATGAAAATTTTGGCCC. The sequence of a primer used for PCR amplification of the above DNA is CCCGGTAAGCTT. Where is the 5' end for the template and primer, respectively? answer options: 1) Left, left 2) Right, left 3) Left, right 4) Right, right 5) Right, leftarrow_forwardPCR uses two short DNA sequences (the primers) that bind to the two DNA strands of the original double helix. The primers are needed to target the gene that they flank in order to allow the PCR reaction to make copies of only that gene. What is the other reason that some sort of primer is needed for copying the template strands of the DNA in a chromosome into DNA?arrow_forward
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