Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be drawn that is expected from the ionization of the
Concept Introduction :
Carbocations are intermediates that are formed due to the heterolytic cleavage of bonds.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be drawn which is expected from the ionization of the given alkyl halide. Resonance structures must be drawn for the carbocations which are resonance stabilized.
Concept Introduction :
Carbocations are formed when the carbon-halogen bond undergoes heterolytic cleavage.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be drawn which will be obtained from the ionization of the given alkyl halide. Resonance structures must be drawn if the carbocation is resonance stabilized.
Concept Introduction :
Carbocations are formed as a result of heterolytic cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond.
(d)
Interpretation:
Structure of the carbocation must be drawn which is expected from the ionization of the given alkyl halide. If the carbocation is resonance stabilized, then resonance structures must be drawn.
Concept Introduction :
Carbocation is formed when C-X bond is cleaved heterolytically.
(e)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be drawn which will be formed by the ionization of the given alkyl halide.
Concept Introduction :
The carbocations are formed due to heterolytic cleavage of carbon-halogen bond of the alkyl halide.
(f)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be shown which is expected from the ionization of the given alkyl halide.
Concept Introduction :
The carbocations are formed due to heterolytic cleavage of carbon-halogen bonds of alkyl halide.
(g)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be shown which is expected from the ionization of the given alkyl halide.
Concept Introduction :
The carbocations are formed due to heterolytic cleavage of carbon-halogen bonds of alkyl halide.
(h)
Interpretation:
The structure of the carbocation must be shown which is expected from the ionization of the given alkyl halide.
Concept Introduction :
The carbocations are formed due to heterolytic cleavage of carbon-halogen bonds of alkyl halide.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2-SEMESTER-ACCESS
- Use curved arrows to denote electron flow in this first step. Draw both possible carbocation intermediates and indicate which carbocation will form or if both will form. HCIarrow_forwardDraw the product of nucleophilic substitution with attached neutral nucleophile. When the initial substitution product can lose a proton to form a neutral product, draw the product after proton transfer.arrow_forwardHow can we determine whether the equilibrium will favor products in a nucleophilic substitution?arrow_forward
- Find the major organic product for the given reaction.arrow_forwardDraw a complete, step-wise, curved arrow mechanism for each reaction shown below. You don't need to worry about stereochemistry for these problems. It may help if you take the following steps. 1) Find the nucleophile and the electrophile. 2) Determine the major functional group present in the nucleophile and electrophile. 3) Determine the type of reaction this particular nucleophile/electrophile pair is likely to participate in 4) Draw the mechanism that corresponds with this reaction type. a) OH cat. H2SO4 HO Cl2 b) :OHarrow_forwardWhat is the strongest nucleophile, NH3, CH4, CH3O-, or H2O?arrow_forward
- I labeled one of the atoms incorrectly, but I am not sure which. Would the H in HBr be considered a nucleophile as well ?arrow_forwardMajor product(s) for this reactionarrow_forwardDraw reaction of an a,b-unsaturated aldehyde or a ketone with a nucleophile forms a direct addition product and/or a conjugate addition product, depending on the strength of the nucleophile and the structure of the aldehyde or ketone.arrow_forward
- There are four different starting molecules that one might use to synthesize the illustrated alkyl halide as the major product using an electrophilic addition reaction. Please draw all four of them.arrow_forwardDraw the major and minor product when the following alkyl halide is heated with sodium ethoxide in ethanol. You may neglect cis- trans isomerism of the products when answering this question. If there is only one product, click "No Reaction" for the minor product. Brarrow_forwardDraw the products. If more than one product is formed determine which one is the major one.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning