Biology - Study Guide
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321501561
Author: Martha R. Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 3TYK
When a cell breaks down glucose, only about 34% of the energy is captured in ATP molecules. The remaining 66% of the energy is
- a. used to increase the order necessary for life to exist.
- b. lost as heat, in accordance with the second law of
thermodynamics . - c. stored in starch or glycogen for later use by the cell.
- d. released when the ATP molecules are hydrolyzed.
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Cells utilize the energy ot AlP to do usetul work, such as power muscle contractions. During cellular
activities like muscle contractions, ATP is converted into ADP and a phosphate group.
What is happening to energy in this process of conversion?
A:Energy is being stored.
B:Energy is being released.
C:Energy is being destroyed.
D:Energy is being created.
What is meant by the term cellular respiration?
A. The process by which cells breath
B. The process by which cells make their own food by assembling chemical bonds.
C. The process by which cells break down the chemical bonds in food to get energy
D. The process by which cells make oxygen for us to use in our bodies.
The hydrolysis of ATP drives three types of cellular work. Which of the following is not an example of how to cell uses ATP? *
a) The movement of cells.
b) The transport of sodium as part of the sodium-potassium pump.
c) The breakdown of glucose into smaller molecules.
d) Anabolic reactions that build molecules.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology - Study Guide
Ch. 8 - Complete the following concept map that summarizes...Ch. 8 - Complete the following table to indicate how the...Ch. 8 - Develop a concept map on free energy and G. The...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4IQCh. 8 - Prob. 5IQCh. 8 - In the following graph of an exergonic reaction...Ch. 8 - In the following diagram of a catalytic cycle,...Ch. 8 - Return to the diagram in Interactive Question 3.7,...Ch. 8 - Both ATP and ADP serve as regulators of enzyme...Ch. 8 - What is the relationship between the concept of...
Ch. 8 - What role do enzymes play in metabolism?Ch. 8 - ________ the totality of an organisms chemical...Ch. 8 - _______ pathways that use energy to synthesize...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3TYKFCh. 8 - _______ the most random form of energyCh. 8 - _______ term for the measure of disorder or...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 8 - _______ inhibitors that decrease an enzymes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYKFCh. 8 - Prob. 10TYKFCh. 8 - Catabolic and anabolic pathways are often coupled...Ch. 8 - Which statement most closely reflects the first...Ch. 8 - When a cell breaks down glucose, only about 34% of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 8 - One way in which a cell maintains metabolic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 8 - What is meant by an induced fit? a. The binding of...Ch. 8 - In an experiment, changing the pH from 7 to 6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 8 - Penicillin binds to the active site of an enzyme...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 8 - Which line in the diagram indicates the G of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 20TYK
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- Energy is released from an ATP molecule for cellular processes when it___ A. Has a phosphate group removed B. Stores an extra phosphate C. Converts a phosphate group to ADP D. Produces a sugar moleculearrow_forwardA. Both statements A and B are correct. B. Statement A is correct, and B is incorrect. C. Statement A is incorrect, and B is correct. D. Neither statement A nor B is correct. A. In the flow of energy across the Earth’s subsystems, 100% of the radiant energy is transformed into glucose by photosynthesis and into ATP by aerobic cellular respiration. B. Heat is always lost in the formation of ATP, chemical energy, into kinetic energy by a flying insect.arrow_forwardCyanide makes a bond to cytochrome in the electron transport chain located in the mitochondria, rendering the electron transport chain useless. The cyanide ingestion in death due to which of the following? a) Starvation, due to an inability to create glucose.b) Build up of lactic acid.c) Inability to take in oxygen through the lungs.d) Cellular death from lack of energy.arrow_forward
- Which of the following choices BEST describes metabolism? a. breakdown of biomolecules b. controlled by enzymes and involved ATP c. all of the choices are correct d. synthesis of biomoleculesarrow_forwardCyanide is a highly toxic molecule. It bonds to a cytochrome in the electron transport chain located in the mitochondria, rendering the electron transport chain useless. The ingestion of cyanide, therefore, results in death due to which of the following? a) Starvation, due to an inability to create glucose. b) Build up of lactic acid. c) Inability to take in oxygen through the lungs. d) Cellular death from lack of energy.arrow_forwardWhy is cellular respiration important? a) It breaks down carbon dioxide, which is toxic to cells. b) It reduces glucose c) It produces gas, which is essential to cell functions. d) It generates chemical gradients, which have potential energy e) it generates ATP, which cells can use to do workarrow_forward
- what advantage does metabolism provide to living things? a. metabolism provides the energy needed for reproduction and homeostasis b. metabolism provides organisms with much needed camouflage c. without metabolism, the chemical elements necessary for life could not form d. metabolism produces offspringarrow_forwardWhat would happen to you, metabolically, if all your mitochondria were destroyed? A. You would have much less ATP available to think, move muscles, etc. B. You would have many fewer electrons available to think, move muscles, etc. C. You would have much less oxygen available to think, move muscles, etc. D. You would have much less glucose available to think, move muscles, etc.arrow_forwardCells use primarily two ways of storing potential energy: 1) as concentration gradients and 2) in molecules. A) Explain how energy can be stored in these two forms and how it can be used to do other work. B) Propose an analogy that can explain each of these forms of energy storage using everyday items.arrow_forward
- Grasses collect energy from sunlight. Rabbits collect energy by eating grasses. Coyotes collect energy by eating rabbits. Which of the following organisms has the least amount of energy available to them (as compared to the amount of solar energy that hits Earth from space)? A. Coyotes, because some of the original amount of energy was lost as body heat in grasses and rabbits B. Grasses, because the energy has yet to be condensed as it moves through the food chainarrow_forwardWhen a cell breaks down a molecule of glucose to harvest energy from it, which of the following is responsible for most of the ATP production in a cell that has access to oxygen? Group of answer choices A. Glycolysis B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. The Electron Transport Chainarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true of the electron transport chain? a. It produces NADH, as a result of electrons being transferred from glucose to NAD+ b. End products include CO2, water, and pyruvate c. It allows for the controlled release of energy for ATP synthesis d. It is part of the oxidative phosphorylation processarrow_forward
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