Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 45E
A friend tells you that the 2s orbital for fluorine starts off at a much lower energy than the 2s orbital for lithium, so the resulting 2s molecular orbital in F2 is more stable than in Li2. Do you agree?
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A friend tells you that the 2s orbital for fluorine starts off at a much lower energy than the 2s orbital for lithium, so the resulting σ2s molecular orbital in F2 is more stable than in Li2. Do you agree?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 8 - Explain how and bonds are similar and how they...Ch. 8 - Draw a curve that describes the energy of a system...Ch. 8 - Explain why bonds occur at specific average bond...Ch. 8 - Use valence bond theory to explain the bonding in...Ch. 8 - Use valence bond theory to explain the bonding in...Ch. 8 - How many and bonds are present in the molecule...Ch. 8 - A friend tells you N2 has three bonds due to...Ch. 8 - Draw the Lewis structures for CO2 and CO, and...Ch. 8 - Why is the concept of hybridization required in...Ch. 8 - Give the shape that describes each hybrid orbital...
Ch. 8 - Explain why a carbon atom cannot form five bonds...Ch. 8 - What is the hybridization of the central atom in...Ch. 8 - A molecule with the formula AB3 could have one of...Ch. 8 - Methionine, CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)CO2H, is an amino...Ch. 8 - Sulfuric acid is manufactured by a series of...Ch. 8 - Two important industrial chemicals, ethene, C2H4,...Ch. 8 - For many years after they were discovered, it was...Ch. 8 - Consider nitrous acid, HNO2 (HONO). (a) Write a...Ch. 8 - Strike-anywhere matches contain a layer of KClO3...Ch. 8 - Identify the hybridization of each carbon atom in...Ch. 8 - Write Lewis structures for NF3 and PP5. On the...Ch. 8 - In addition to NF3, two other fluoro derivatives...Ch. 8 - The bond energy of a C—C single bond averages 347...Ch. 8 - For the carbonate ion, CO32, draw all of the...Ch. 8 - A useful solvent that will dissolve salts as well...Ch. 8 - For the molecule allene, H2C=C=CH2, give the...Ch. 8 - Identify the hybridization of the central atom in...Ch. 8 - Describe the molecular geometry and hybridization...Ch. 8 - For each of the following molecules, indicate the...Ch. 8 - For each of the following structures, determine...Ch. 8 - Draw the orbital diagram for carbon in CO2 showing...Ch. 8 - Sketch the distribution of electron density in the...Ch. 8 - How are the following similar, and how do they...Ch. 8 - If molecular orbitals are created by combining...Ch. 8 - Can a molecule with an odd number of electrons...Ch. 8 - Can a molecule with an even number of electrons...Ch. 8 - Why are bonding molecular orbitals lower in energy...Ch. 8 - Calculate the bond order for an ion with this...Ch. 8 - Explain why an electron in the bonding molecular...Ch. 8 - Predict the valence electron molecular orbital...Ch. 8 - Determine the bond order of each member of the...Ch. 8 - For the first ionization energy for an N2...Ch. 8 - Compare the atomic and molecular orbital diagrams...Ch. 8 - Which of the period 2 homonuclear diatomic...Ch. 8 - A friend tells you that the 2s orbital for...Ch. 8 - True or false: Boron contains 2s22p1 valence...Ch. 8 - What charge would be needed on F2 to generate an...Ch. 8 - Predict whether the MO diagram S2 would show s-p...Ch. 8 - Explain why N22+ is diamagnetic, while O24+, which...Ch. 8 - Using the MO diagrams, predict the bond order for...
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- Considering only the molecular orbitals formed by combinations of the 2s atomic orbitals, how many molecular orbitals can be formed by 1000 Li atoms? In the lowest energy state, how many of these orbitals will be populated by pairs of electrons and how many will be empty?arrow_forwardExplain why an electron in the bonding molecular orbital in the H2 molecule has a lower energy than an electron in the 1s atomic orbital of either of the separated hydrogen atoms.arrow_forwardTrue or false: Boron contains 2s22p1 valence electrons, so only one p orbital is needed to form molecular orbitals.arrow_forward
- In the molecular orbital mode l, compare and contrast bonds with bonds. What orbitals form the bonds and what orbitals form the bonds? Assume the z-axis is the internuclear axis.arrow_forwardThe compound sketched below is acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin. (a) What are the approximate values of the angles marked A, B, C, and D? (b) What hybrid orbitals are used by carbon atoms 1, 2, and 3ss?arrow_forwardWhat type of molecular orbital would result from the in-phase combination of the two dxz atomic orbitals shown below? Assume the x-axis is the internuclear axis.arrow_forward
- Solid sulfur normally consists of crystals of S8 molecules, but when heated strongly, the solid vaporizes to give S2 molecules (among other molecular species). Describe the bonding in S2 in molecular orbital terms, assuming the orbitals are analogous to those of the preceding period. What would you expect to happen to the sulfur sulfur bond length if two electrons were added to give the S22 ion? What would you expect to happen to the bond length if, instead, two electrons were taken away to give S22+?arrow_forwardWrite the molecular orbital configuration of the diatomic molecule BN. What is the bond order of BN? Is the substance diamagnetic or paramagnetic? Use the order of energies that was given for homonuelcar diatomic molecules.arrow_forwardDetermine the bond order of each member of the following groups, and determine which member of each group is predicted by the molecular orbital model to have the strongest bond. (a) H2,H2+,H2 (b) O2,O22+,O22 (c) Li2,Be2+,Be2 (d) F2,F2+,F2 (e) N2,N2+,N2arrow_forward
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