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Some species of bacteria that live at the surface of sediment on the bottom of lakes are capable of using either glycolysis plus fermentation or
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Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
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- Methanopyrus kandleri and Pyrolobus fumarij are bacteria that live near hydrothermal vents under the oceans. Temperatures at these vents can reach well over 100 degrees Celsius.  Both organisms obtain energy from hydrogen but Methanopyrus kandleri grows best at 98 degrees Celsius while Pyrolobus fumarij prefers to reproduce at temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius. These bacteria provide the base of a food web at the bottom of the ocean floor.  What questions could a student ask in order to investigate this difference between the bacteria?  A. What kind of heat tolerance do other nearby organisms have?  B. Does the Methanopyrus kandleri live farther away from the vent than the Pyrolobus fumarij?  C. Does Methanopyrus kandleri have a thicker cell wall than Pyrolobus fumarij?  D. Is one organism better adapted to the environment than the other?arrow_forwardUse the words obligate, facultative, aerobic, anaerobic, autotroph, and heterotroph to describe the metabolism of a human, oak tree, E. coli, and Methanococcus jannaschii (an organism that lives in deepwater anoxic sediments).arrow_forwardWaterborne microorganisms can survive in water with small amounts of nutrients but thrive in polluted water, which is rich in nutrients. Why do you think that polluted water is considered rich in nutrients?arrow_forward
- Which of the following terms describes a passive transport process? Group of answer choices Uphill Endergonic Spontaneous Positive free energy changearrow_forwardWhy is energy required for nutrient transport? Give an example of a system that transports nutrients and describe what source of energy is used to move the nutrients into the cell. Why can’t most organisms use the nitrogen gas that is so prevalent in the atmosphere? How do these organisms acquire a usable form of nitrogen?arrow_forwardState whether the following is True or False of the process of eutrophication from the overuse of fertilizers. Group of answer choices Eutrophication often starts with stimulating algal growth         [ Choose ]         TRUE         FALSE       Eutrophication results in loss of dissolved oxygen from the process of photosynthesis         [ Choose ]         TRUE         FALSE       It is the decomposition of algae after algal blooms that lead to bacterial growth causing a loss of oxygen         [ Choose ]         TRUE         FALSE       Eutrophication is a natural process and can occur in the absence of fertilizers         [ Choose ]         TRUE         FALSEarrow_forward
- Make a diagram showing the interconnection between carbon and nitrogen cycle. Indicate possible microorganisms (scientific name) involved in each process.arrow_forward10) The graph describes the relative rates of metabolism that occur at different depths in a lake. I. Evaluate the figure and indicate whether the letters A and D represent only the respiration rate of the organisms. A) TrueB) false II. Evaluate the figure in indicate what the productivity observed at 10 meters is due to. A) Excess nutrients on the surface.B) High temperatures.C) The turbinez of the water at 10 meters.D) The availability of the Light. III. Part of the energy that is not transferred to subsequent trophic levels is used by organisms for their vital processes. What happens to the remaining energy? A) is used in reproduction.B) It is removed as heat.C) It is stored as a reserve of nutrients.D) It is stored as body tissue.arrow_forwardExamine the figure below and answer the following questions using the letters below (type, A, B, C, or D in the blanks) a. Which zone has the lowest Biological Oxygen Demand? b. Which zone has the lowest Dissolved Oxygen? c. Which zone has the highest Biological Oxygen Demand? d. Which zone shows the greatest change in Dissolved Oxygen? Types of organisms Normal clean water organisms Trash fish Fish absent, : (carp, gar. : fungi, sludge (Trout, perch, bass, mayfly, stonefly) Trash fish (carp, gar,: leeches) worms, bacteria (anaerobic) leeches) 8 ppm Dissolved 8 ppm oxygen (ppm) Biological oxygen demand Decomposition Septic Zone Rec very Zone Clean Zone Clean Zone Zone B C čż‘arrow_forward
- Which of the following could be an effect of an excess ofsewage running into a freshwater reservoir?(a) It could cause the water to become polluted and nonpo-table.(b) It could cause an increase in the biological oxygen de-mand (BOD).(c) It could cause oxygen depletion, leading to an increasein the anaerobic microbial population.(d) Large quantities of organic wastes could be left behind,killing off many plants and animals or causing animalsto migrate.(e) All of the above.arrow_forwardWhat would happen if all microorganisms were to vanish from the nitrogen cycle? Give an explanation for your response.arrow_forwardReverse electron transport makes unique ecological niches available to microorganisms. Explain this statementarrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
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