The recombinant DNA technology involves isolation of genetic materials (DNA) from donor organisms (human, plant, or microorganism) and inserts them into recipient organisms after genetic manipulation. The main tools involved in the techniques are nucleic acids , restriction enzymes, ligase, vectors, reverse transcriptase, and mutagens. This technology is used to introduce genetically modified organism (GMO). The main goals of this technology are to provide (i) elimination of undesirable phenotypic traits in organisms, (ii) creation of new organisms by combining two or more beneficial traits of donor organisms, and (iii) synthesis of beneficial products by the new organism for human need.

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Chapter 8, Problem 6MC

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The recombinant DNA technology involves isolation of genetic materials (DNA) from donor organisms (human, plant, or microorganism) and inserts them into recipient organisms after genetic manipulation. The main tools involved in the techniques are nucleic acids, restriction enzymes, ligase, vectors, reverse transcriptase, and mutagens. This technology is used to introduce genetically modified organism (GMO). The main goals of this technology are to provide (i) elimination of undesirable phenotypic traits in organisms, (ii) creation of new organisms by combining two or more beneficial traits of donor organisms, and (iii) synthesis of beneficial products by the new organism for human need.

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a) what are restriction enzymes? b) What is the main function of restriction enzymes in nature? c) Compare and contrast the these enzymes in nature and in scientific research.

Part A: During cloning, the DNA is cut with a restriction enzyme giving it what? A. more introns B. sticky ends C. a polyA tail D. a binding site for a transcription factor Part B: If the scientist wanted to have a large number of copies of the gene for use in further study, which technique would the scientist use? A. PCR B. epigenetics C. hybridization D. gel electrophoresis Part C: If this gene were found to be expressed at different levels in different cells of the same organism, what would be responsible? A. transcription factor B. rRNA C. ribosome D. RNA polymerase Part D: If a disease were identified as being caused by defects in the cytochrome c gene, then the copy isolated could be used for what? A. PCR B. gene therapy C. stem cell work D. DNA fingerprinting

If you knew the sequence of a gene in one organism, how could you determine if another organism had a similar gene? A. insert the known gene into a vector and use the vector to insert the known gene into the other organism B. treat the genomes of both organisms with the same restriction enzyme and compare the patterns of the bands produced with gel electrophoresis C. create a hybrid of the two organisms by breeding them and check for mutations D. create labeled DNA probes from the known gene and use them to search the genome of the other organism