Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 8.1, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The concept that the cell manages to transcribe genes that respond to multiple stresses where each involves a different sigma factor.
Introduction:
Information required for the synthesis of proteins is stored in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) strands. It acts as a genetic material in all living organisms except for some viruses where RNA (ribonucleic acid) serves as the genetic material. The first step of gene expression is transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied into RNA with the help of molecular machines.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The concentration of DnaK increases after a heat shock, yet its effects on sigma-32 activity are very negative. How could the increase in a protein that inhibits the activity of sigma-32 lead to an increase in the transcription of heat shock proteins?
Why is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode for that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available or when glucose is present?
Why is it adaptive for the structural genes for using lactose to be under the control of a single promoter, i.e., synthesize a polycistronic message rather than three monocistronic message?
Which protein subunit specifically binds to the promoter region in prokaryotic cells?
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β
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β'
σ
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.1 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 4TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 5TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 6TQCh. 8.3 - Prob. 7TQ
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 8TQCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Prob. 7RQCh. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Prob. 10RQCh. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Prob. 15RQCh. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Prob. 17RQCh. 8 - Prob. 1TQCh. 8 - Prob. 2TQCh. 8 - Prob. 3TQ
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- What is lac operon? Draw and/or identify the status of the lac operon in a given set of environmental conditions and/or cell mutations.arrow_forwardA bidirectional enhancer has the following sequence: 5′–GTCA–3′ 3′–CAGT–5′ Which of the following sequences would also be a functional enhancer? a. 5′–ACTG–3′ 3′–TGAC–5′ b. 5′–TGAC–3′ 3′–ACTG–5′ c. 3′–GTCA–5′ 5′–CAGT–3′ d. 3′–TGAC–5′ 5′–ACTG–3′arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship among core promoter elements, basal transcription factors, and RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes?arrow_forward
- What would happen to the regulation of the tryptophan operon in bacterial cells that express a mutant form of the tryptophan repressor that (1) cannot bind to DNA, (2) cannot bind tryptophan, or (3) binds to DNA even in the absence of tryptophan?arrow_forwardWhat is the function of RAG1? What will happen if RAG1's function is lost due to mutations?arrow_forwardBased on the mechanism of gene silencing, what featuresof transposable elements does the RNAi pathway exploitto ensure that the host’s own genes are not also silenced?arrow_forward
- Another class of suppressor mutations, not describedin the chapter, are mutations that suppress missensemutations.a. Why would bacterial strains carrying such missense suppressor mutations generally grow moreslowly than strains carrying nonsense suppressormutations?arrow_forwardIf glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?arrow_forwardYou have isolated different mutants (reg1 and reg2) causing constitutive expression of the emu operon (which has genes emu1 and emu2). One mutant contains a defect in a DNA-binding site, and the other has a loss-of-function defect in the gene encoding a protein that binds to the site. Is the DNA-binding protein a positive or negative regulator of gene expression?arrow_forward
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