Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences

8th Edition

ISBN: 9781133956570

Author: Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Textbook Question

Chapter 9, Problem 2P

A sample of n = 25 scores has a mean of M = 83 and a standard deviation of s = 15.

a. Explain what is measured by the sample standard deviation.

b. Compute the estimated standard error for the sample mean and explain what is measured by the standard error.

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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Chapter 9 Solutions

Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences

Ch. 9.1 - Under what circumstances is a t statistic used...Ch. 9.1 - A sample of n = 9 scores has SS = 288. a. Compute...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3LC Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 4LC Ch. 9.1 - For df = 15, find the value(s) of t associated...Ch. 9.2 - A sample of n = 4 individuals is selected from a...Ch. 9.3 - If all other factors are held constant, an 80%...Ch. 9.3 - If all other factors are held constant, a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1LCA Ch. 9.3 - How does sample size influence the outcome of a...

Ch. 9.4 - A new over-the-counter cold medication includes a...Ch. 9 - Under what circumstances is a t statistic used...Ch. 9 - A sample of n = 25 scores has a mean of M = 83 and...Ch. 9 - Find the estimated standard error for the sample...Ch. 9 - Explain why t distributions tend to be flatter and...Ch. 9 - Find the t values that form the boundaries of the...Ch. 9 - The following sample of n = 6 scores was obtained...Ch. 9 - The following sample was obtained from a...Ch. 9 - A random rumple of n = 25 individuals is selected...Ch. 9 - To evaluate the effect of a treatment, a sample is...Ch. 9 - To evaluate the effect of a treatment, a sample of...Ch. 9 - The spotlight effect refers to overestimating the...Ch. 9 - Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid...Ch. 9 - Standardized measures seem to indicate that the...Ch. 9 - The librarian at the local elementary school...Ch. 9 - For several years researchers have noticed that...Ch. 9 - Weinstein, McDermott, and Roediger (2010) report...Ch. 9 - Ackerman and Goldsmith (2011) found that students...Ch. 9 - A random sample of n = 16 scores is obtained from...Ch. 9 - A random sample is obtained from a population with...Ch. 9 - An example of the vertical-horizontal illusion is...Ch. 9 - McGee and Shevlin (2009) demonstrated that an...Ch. 9 - Oishi and Shigehiro (2010) report that people who...Ch. 9 - Prob. 23P

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A sample of n = 25 scores has a mean of M = 83 and a standard deviation of s = 15. a. Explain what is measured by the sample standard deviation. b. Compute the estimated standard error for the sample mean and explain what is measured by the standard error.

Solution Summary: The author explains that sample standard deviation measures the variability of scores in the sample. The sample mean deviates from the actual mean of a population.

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Chapter 9 Solutions