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Persons having Reynaud’s syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm2/min) was measured. For m = 10 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was
a. Consider testing H0: µ1 − µ2 = −1.0 versus Ha: µ1 = µ2, < −1.0 at level .01. Describe in words what Ha says, and then carry out the test.
b. What is the
c. Assuming that m 5 n, what
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual for Devore's Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, 9th
- Persons having Raynaud's syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm2/min) was measured. For m = 9 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.65, and for n = 9 nonsufferers, the average output was 2.03. Let μ1 and μ2 denote the true average heat outputs for the sufferers and nonsufferers, respectively. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal witarrow_forwardPeople having Raynauds syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm2/min) was measured. For m = 12 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.64, and for n = 12 non-sufferers, the average output was 2.05. Let µ1 and µ2 denote the true average heat outputs for the two types of subjects. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal with σ1 = 0.2 and σ2 = 0.2. 1) Consider testing H0: µ1 − µ2 = 0 versus Ha: µ1 − µ2 < 0 at level 0.01. Describe in words what Ha says, and then carry out the test. 2) What is the probability of a type II error when the actual difference between µ1 and µ2 is µ1 − µ2 = −1.2? 3) Assuming that m=n, what sample sizes are required to ensure that β=0.1when µ1− µ2 = −1.2?arrow_forwardPersons having Raynaud's syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm²/min) was measured. For m = 8 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.63, and for n = 8 nonsufferers, the average output was 2.08. Let μ₁ and μ₂ denote the true average heat outputs for the sufferers and nonsufferers, respectively. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal with = 0.1 and ⁰1 = 0.5. %2 - (a) Consider testing Ho: M₁ M₂ = -1.0 versus Ha: M₁ M₂ < -1.0 at level 0.01. Describe in words what H₂ says, and then carry out the test. OH₂ says that the average heat output for sufferers is less than 1 cal/cm2/min below that of non-sufferers. Ha says that the average heat output for sufferers is the same as that of non-sufferers. OH says that the average heat output for sufferers is more than 1…arrow_forward
- Persons having Raynaud's syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm?/min) was measured. For m = 9 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.62, and for n = 9 nonsufferers, the average output was 2.06. Let u, and uz denote the true average heat outputs for the sufferers and nonsufferers, respectively. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal with o, = 0.1 and oz = 0.5. vA, says tnal ule a y---- Calculate the test statistic and P-value. (Round your test statistic to two decimal places and your P-value to four decimal places.) P-value = What is the probability of a type II error when the actual difference between u, and uz is u - uz = -1.1? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Assuming that m = n, what sample sizes are required to ensure that 8 = 0.1 when u - uz…arrow_forwardPersons having Raynaud's syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm2/min) was measured. For m = 9 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.61, and for n = 9 nonsufferers, the average output was 2.09. Let ?1 and ?2 denote the true average heat outputs for the sufferers and nonsufferers, respectively. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal with ?1 = 0.3 and ?2 = 0.5. (a) Consider testing H0: ?1 − ?2 = −1.0 versus Ha: ?1 − ?2 < −1.0 at level 0.01. Describe in words what Ha says, and then carry out the test. Ha says that the average heat output for sufferers is the same as that of non-sufferers.Ha says that the average heat output for sufferers is less than 1 cal/cm2/min below that of non-sufferers. Ha says that the average heat output for sufferers is more…arrow_forwardPersons having Raynaud's syndrome are apt to suffer a sudden impairment of blood circulation in fingers and toes. In an experiment to study the extent of this impairment, each subject immersed a forefinger in water and the resulting heat output (cal/cm?/min) was measured. For m = 9 subjects with the syndrome, the average heat output was x = 0.62, and for n = 9 nonsufferers, the average output was 2.06. Let u, and u, denote the true average heat outputs for the sufferers and nonsufferers, respectively. Assume that the two distributions of heat output are normal with o, = 0.1 and o, = 0.5 What is the probability of a type II error vhen the actual difference between u, and uz is u, - uz = -1.1? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Assuming that m = n, what sample sizes are required to ensure that B = 0.1 when u1 - H2 = -1.1? (Round your answer up to the nearest whole number.)arrow_forward
- NASA is conducting an experiment to find out the fraction of people who black out at G forces greater than 6. Step 1 of 2: Suppose a sample of 502 people is drawn. Of these people, 140 passed out at G forces greater than 6. Using the data, estimate the proportion of people who pass out at more than 6 Gs. Enter your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to three decimal places.arrow_forwardSulfur compounds cause “off-odors” in wine, so winemakers want to know the odor threshold, the lowest concentration of a compound that the human nose can detect. The odor threshold for dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in trained wine tasters is about 25 micrograms per liter of wine (μg/l). The untrained noses of consumers may be less sensitive, however. Here are the DMS odor thresholds for 10 untrained students: 31 31 43 36 23 34 32 30 20 24 Give a 95% confidence interval for the mean DMS odor threshold among all students. Is there evidence that the mean threshold for untrained tasters is greater than 25 μg/l? State the hypotheses. Is there evidence that the mean threshold for untrained tasters is greater than 25 μg/l? What is the test statistic?arrow_forwardWhy is the df value decreased by SPSS if we fail the Levene’s test?arrow_forward
- The concentrations of K+ in water were measured with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES). Four water samples obtained at different cities were used, and each sample was measured one time. The measurements are shown in the table below: Clovis 6.7 ppm 5.0 ppm What is the calculated t-value (tcalculated) for the statistical comparison of these two methods? AAS AES O 1.908 2.664 2.309 2.938 3.012 Fresno 5.5 ppm 5.4 ppm Tulare 8.9 ppm 7.0 ppm Selma 12.5 ppm 9.8 ppmarrow_forwardEngineers at a large company are trying to investigate if there is any difference in the average wear of brand A, brand B or brand C tires for the company's new models. To help them arrive at a decision, an experiment is conducted using 11 of each brand. The tires are run until they wear out. The results ( in kilometres) are as follows: Brand A: xī = 37,900 S1 = 5100 Brand B: X2 = 39,800 S2 = 5900 Brand C: X3 =38,500 S3 = 5600arrow_forwardSulfur compounds cause "off‑odors" in wine, so winemakers want to know the odor threshold, the lowest concentration of a compound that the human nose can detect. The odor threshold for dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in trained wine tasters is about 25 micrograms per liter of wine (?g/L ). The untrained noses of consumers may be less sensitive, however. The DMS odor thresholds for 10 untrained students are given. 30 30 42 35 22 33 31 29 19 23 (a) Assume that the standard deviation of the odor threshold for untrained noses is known to be ?=7?g/Lσ To access the complete data set, click the link for your preferred software format: Do the three simple conditions hold in this case? Make a stemplot and use it to check the shape of the distribution. (b) STATE: What is the average (mean) DMS odor threshold, ?μ , for all untrained people? PLAN: Using the four‑step process, give a 95%95% confidence interval for the mean DMS odor threshold among all students. SOLVE: We have assumed that we…arrow_forward
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