Concept explainers
a)
To determine: The value of D for which the Company A should fix the product and then market it.
Introduction: Simulation model is the digital prototype of the physical model that helps to
b)
To determine: The values of D for which the best first decision still to “continue development”.
Introduction: Simulation model is the digital prototype of the physical model that helps to forecast the performance of the system or model in the real world.
c)
To determine: Why the two questions are asking different things.
Introduction: Simulation model is the digital prototype of the physical model that helps to forecast the performance of the system or model in the real world.
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Practical Management Science
- The model in Example 9.3 has only two market outcomes, good and bad, and two corresponding predictions, good and bad. Modify the decision tree by allowing three outcomes and three predictions: good, fair, and bad. You can change the inputs to the model (monetary values and probabilities) in any reasonable way you like. Then you will also have to modify the Bayes rule calculations. You can decide whether it is easier to modify the existing tree or start from scratch with a new tree.arrow_forward2. Using the following table, perform ALL FIVE of the techniques for decision-making under Uncertainty: Maximax, Maximin, Hurwicz Realism (α = 0.7), LaPlace, and Minimax Regret. Show the work on an Excel File. PROFIT ($) STRONG MARKET FAIR MARKET POOR MARKET Large facility 550,000 110,000 -310,000 Medium-sized facility 300,000 129,000 -100,000 Small facility 200,000 100,000 -32,000 No facility 0 0 0arrow_forwardYou often hear about the trade-off between risk and reward. Is this trade-off part of decision making under uncertainty when the decision maker uses theEMV criterion? For example, how does this work in investment decisions?arrow_forward
- Pareto criterion is a very useful criterion for social choices in many real-world situations since most policy changes produce both gainers and losers TRUE OR FALSEarrow_forwardNeed answer fast - In a decision problem under uncertainty where Return-On-Investment (ROI) is the objective pursued, valid decision criteria are (check all that applies) (a) Maximin Regret (b) Minimin (c) Maximax (d) Minimax.arrow_forwardHi is this correct?The management of an oil company is trying to decide whether to drill for oil in a particular fieldin the Gulf of Mexico. It costs the company $600 thousand to drill in the selected field. Themanagement believes that if oil is found in this field, its estimated value will be $3400 thousand. Atpresent, this oil company believes that there is a 45% chance that the selected field actually containsoil. Before drilling, the oil company can hire a team of geologists to perform seismographic tests at acost of $55 thousand. Based on similar tests in other fields, the tests have a 25% false negative rate(no oil predicted when oil is present) and a 15% false positive rate (oil predicted when no oil ispresent).A. Assume the oil company wants to maximize its expected net earnings. Please utilize decisiontree analysis to determine its optimal strategy.B. Calculate the expected value of the information (EVI/EVSI) provided by the team ofgeologists.C. Calculate and interpret EVPI…arrow_forward
- Identify the statement which is TRUE regarding decision making. a. Managers should use only ready-made solutions all the time. b. Managers should not use any ready-made solutions at all. c. Managers should rank the solutions according to his personal preferences only. d. Managers should rank the solution according to its advantages and disadvantages.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true? a)The maximin criterion is an approach in Optimization under uncertainty which finds a solution that has the best possible payoff. b)The maximin criterion is an approach in Optimization under uncertainty which finds a solution with the best worst possible payoff. c)A risk profile represents the probability distribution of uncertain inputs. d)Decision tree is a method to solve any optimization problem when the outcomes are subject to uncertainty.arrow_forwardMaximax, Maximin, Minimax RegretLearning material: Watch this videoLab Scenario:Imagine a local entrepreneur is considering starting a business and has three options: open a coffeeshop, a bookshop, or a fusion coffee-bookshop. The entrepreneur is uncertain about the market'sreaction to these businesses. The possible market conditions are: favorable, neutral, and unfavorable.Data (Payoff Table in USD):Business Option Favorable Market Neutral Market Unfavorable MarketCoffee Shop 150,000 70,000 -30,000Bookshop 100,000 60,000 -20,000Fusion Shop 130,000 80,000 -10,000Positive values represent profits, and negative values represent losses.Assignment Steps:1. Maximax (Optimist's Criterion) Approach:For each business option, identify the maximum possible payoff.First Question What is the business option with the highest of these maximum payoffs? (5points)2. Maximin (Pessimist's Criterion) Approach:For each business option, identify the minimum possible payoff.Second Question What is the…arrow_forward
- Apply the PACED decision-making model to a decision you will need to make about your life after high school. You should: define the problem; complete a PACED grid with at least 3 alternatives and 5 criteria; explain how you define (+), (-), and (x) in your evaluation; explain your final decision.arrow_forward3. Using the following table, perform ALL FIVE of the techniques for Decision Making under Uncertainty: Maximax, Maximin, Hurwicz Realism (α = 0.4), LaPlace and Minimax Regret. Show the work on excel file. SIZE OF FIRST STATION GOOD MARKET FAIR MARKET POOR MARKET ($) ($) ($) Small 50,000 20,000 -10,000 Medium 80,000 30,000 -20,000 Large 100,000 30,000 -40,000 Very large 300,000 25,000 -160,000arrow_forwardUsing the following table, perform ALL FIVE of the techniques for Decision Making under Uncertainty: Maximax, Maximin, Hurwicz Realism (α = 0.7), LaPlace and Minimax Regret. Use the .50 for the probability of a Good Economy and .50 for the probability of a Poor Economy. You must show your work for obtaining the points. STATE OF NATURE DECISION ALTERNATIVE GOOD ECONOMY POOR ECONOMY Sotck market 80,000 -20,000 Bonds 30,000 20,000 CDs 23,000 23,000arrow_forward
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,