Concept explainers
Interpretation: The name of isopropyl and sec-butyl in
Concept introduction: Systematic way to name different organic compounds is
Rules for nomenclature of
1 The longest continuous carbon chain is identified first and named in accordance with the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, hydrocarbon with one carbon atom has prefix “meth”, that with two carbon atoms has prefix “eth”, that with three carbon atoms has prefix “prop” and so on. Suffix used for alkanes is “ane.”
2. Substituents attached to the parent carbon chain are to be identified. These are named by removal of single hydrogen atom from carbon chain end and named by replacement of suffix “ane” by “yl.” For example if
3. Carbons of the parent chain are named in such a way that substituents acquire the lowest numbers.
4. If same substituent is present more than one time in the molecule, it is represented by prefix “di”, “tri” and so on. It depends on number of times substituent occurs in molecule.
5. If two or more substituents are present in the molecule, these are named in alphabetical order.
6. If carbon chains of same length exist in the same molecule, chain with the largest number of side chains, followed by lowest number to substituents, chain with the greatest number of carbon atoms in smaller chain and chain with the least branched side chains are preferred over other ones.
7. Prefix “cyclo” is used if cyclic alkane is present in the molecule.
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
- In 1935, J. Bredt, a German chemist, proposed that a bicycloalkene could not have a double bond at a bridgehead carbon unless one of the rings containsat least eight carbons. This is known as Bredt’s rule. Explain why there cannot be a double bond at this position.arrow_forwardPlease propose a synthesis of the target molecule using as many steps or reagents and answer these questions. 1. Why use chemoselectivity as the functional group and not another? 2. Why regioselectivity? 3. Why stereoselectivity? 4. What are the changes in the oxidation state?arrow_forwardWrite the functional group for this IR. reaction is attachedarrow_forward
- What is the difference between homolysis vs. heterolysis. Show by giving an example.arrow_forwardFirst image directions are "Fill in the blanks with the major organic product(s). Make sure to indicate stereochemistry in your drawings where appropriate." Second image directions are "Fill in the blanks with the major organic product or starting material(s)."arrow_forwardI do not understand what is going on in the second and third portion of the mechansim, I am confused, is that a reduction reaction? What does the ether do, and is the Li attached to the methyl group for an addition reaction?arrow_forward
- 2)Major organic products? please write them both in their systematic IUPAC Please answer very soon will give rating surelyarrow_forwardOn the square, indicate the number of sites of unsaturation of the following molecules, show your work with one of the structures by applying the appropriate formula and showing the number (which should match the number on the square).arrow_forwardDuring benzoic acid synthesis, the Girgnard reagent is formed when this atom ______ inserts itself causing the initial type of carbon ____ to be changed to this final type of carbon ____. Please help fill in the blanks above.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning