malate + NAD+ oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ If the pH = 7 and [malate] = 0.0010 M, [oxaloacetate] = 0.0020 M, [NAD+] = 1.00 x 10-5 M, at what concentration of NADH will the potential E for this reaction = 0.015 V?
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![malate + NAD+ | oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
If the pH = 7 and [malate] = 0.0010 M, [oxaloacetate] = 0.0020 M, [NAD+] = 1.00 x 10-5 M, at what
concentration of NADH will the potential E for this reaction = 0.015 V?
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- Calculate the ΔG for Malate dehydrogenase reaction of CAC if the concentration of oxaloacetate is 1x 10-8 M, malate is 0.2 mM, NAD+ is 10 mM and NADH is 0.1 mM in rat liver mitochondria. ΔGo’ for this reaction is 30 kJ/mole. Please write the units of the final answer and the formula you are using to solve. R = 0.008314kJ/K*mol, T = 298KOne process catalyzed by NADHNADH dehydrogenase is NADH+H^++ubiquinone ↽−−⇀ NAD+ubiquinolNADH+H^++ubiquinone ↽−−⇀ NAD^++ubiquinol The standard reduction potentials for the half‑reactions are given in the table. Oxidant Reductant ?′0 ubiquinone+2H++2e−ubiquinone+2H++2e^− ubiquinolubiquinol 0.045 NAD^++H^++2e−NAD^++H^++2e^− NADHNADH –0.32 Calculate Δ?′0 for the reaction as shown. Δ?′0=____(V) Calculate Δ?′0 . Δ?′0=____(kJ/mol)The values of the reduction potential (Eº') of the conjugated redox pairs NAD+/NADH and pyruvate / lactate are -0'32 V and -0'19 V respectively. a) Which of the two conjugated pairs has a greater tendency to lose electrons? Reason for it. b) What is the strongest oxidizing agent? Reason for it. c) If we start with 1M concentrations of each reagent and product at pH 7.0 in which sense the reaction will pass pyruvate + NADH + H+ ⇄ lactate + NAD+ d) What is the standard free energy variation (ΔGº’ at 25ºC) for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate? e) What is the equilibrium constant of this reaction?
- Begining with 1 M concentrations of each reactant and product at pH=7 and 25.0 degrees C, calculate the K'eq of the reaction Pyruvate + NADH <=> Lactate + NADH+H+.Note the temperature of this reaction will not affect the standard reducton potential delta E'o in the table 13-7b.Calculate the standard free-energy change, deltaG'o, for the reaction in which acetaldehyde is reduced by the biological electron carrier NADH in the reaction acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → ethanol + NAD+. Then calculate the actual free-energy change, deltaG, when the acetaldehyde is 1.51 M, the NADH is 1.02 M, the ethanol is 0.13 M and the NAD+ is 0.19 M, at 33.35oC and pH = 7. Give the actual free-energy change in kJ/mol to one decimal place. See Table 13-7b for the E'o values.Calculate the standard free-energy change, deltaG'o, for the reaction in which acetaldehyde is reduced by the biological electron carrier NADH in the reaction acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ → ethanol + NAD+. Then calculate the actual free-energy change, deltaG, when the acetaldehyde is 1.51 M, the NADH is 1.02 M, the ethanol is 0.13 M and the NAD+ is 0.19 M, at 33.35oC and pH = 7. Give the actual free-energy change in kJ/mol to one decimal place. See Table 13-7b for the E'o values. please provide comprehensive explaination with each step.
- For part (b) of this problem, use the following standard reduction potentials, free energies, and nonequilibrium concentrations of reactants and products: Consider the last two steps in the alcoholic fermentation of glucose by brewer’s yeast: pyruvate + NADH + 2H+ → ethanol + NAD+ + CO2 (a) Do you predict that ∆S° for this reaction is > 0 or < 0? (b) Calculate the nonequilibrium concentration of ethanol in yeast cells, if ∆G = -38.3 kJ/mol for this reaction at pH = 7.4 and 37 °C when the reactants and products are at the concentrations given above. (c) How would a drop in pH affect ∆G for the reaction described in part (b)? (d) How would an increase in intracellular CO2 levels affect ∆G for the reaction in part (b)? (e) How would an increase in intracellular CO2 levels affect ∆G°′ for the reaction in part (b)?A dialyzed pigeon liver extract will catalyze the conversion of acetyl-CoAto palmitate and CoASH if supplied with Mg2+, NADPH, ATP, HCO3-, andcitrate.(a) If H14CO3– is supplied, what compounds will become labeled (permanently or transiently) during the course of the reaction? In whatcompounds will 14C accumulate?(b) Explain the role of citrate in this reaction.explain in quantitative terms the circumstances under which the following reaction can porceed; L-malate + NAD+ (forward arrow) oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ delta G' standard = +29.7 KJ/mol
- A mutant version of DADH can use NADP+ as a cofactor for isopropanol oxidation. Velocity data was collected from reactions at a series of NADP+ concentrations. The following trendline was obtained for a Lineweaver-Burk plot of the data: y = 0.00007x + 0.0014 Note that the NADP+ substrate concentrations are in mM and the reaction velocity was measured in nmol/min. Calculate the Km and Vmax for DADH with this substrate. Show your work.Under standard conditions, NADH reoxidation by the electron-transport chain has a free-energy change equal to –220 kJ/mol. With 100% efficiency, how many ATP could be synthesized under standard conditions? What is the "actual" efficiency given these numbers?Begining with 1 M concentrations of each reactant and product at pH=7 and 25.0 degrees C, calculate the K'eq (to one decimal point) of the reaction Pyruvate + NADH+H+ <=> Lactate + NAD+.Note the temperature of this reaction will not affect the standard reducton potential delta E'o in the table 13-7b. please provide a comprehensive explanation with each step taken.