Phosphoproteins are formed when a phosphate group is esterified to an -OH group of a Ser, Thr, or Tyr side chain. At typical cellular pH values, this phosphate group bears two negative charges (-OPO32-). Compare this side-chain modification to the 20 side chains of the common amino acids found in proteins and comment on the novel properties that it introduces into side-chain possibilities.
Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
- Phosphoproteins are formed when a phosphate group is esterified to an -OH group of a Ser, Thr, or Tyr side chain. At typical cellular pH values, this phosphate group bears two negative charges (-OPO32-).
- Compare this side-chain modification to the 20 side chains of the common amino acids found in proteins and comment on the novel properties that it introduces into side-chain possibilities.
Phosphoproteins are the conjugated proteins that are post-translationally modified by the attachment of the phosphate group (PO32-). The addition of phosphate is seen on amino acids such as serine, threonine, and tyrosine. These proteins are phosphorylated by the kinase enzyme.
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