Chapter 1, Problem 1.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for pyridine.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for pyridine is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for pyrrolidine.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for pyrrolidine is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for furan.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for furan is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for $\text{γ}$-aminobutyric acid.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for $\text{γ}$-aminobutyric is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

The rules to draw Lewis structure are given as,

• Determine the electronegativity and the number of valence electrons contributed by each atom.
• Generally lowest electronegativity atom is the central atom.
• Write the skeleton structure of the molecule.
• Use two valence electrons to form each bond in skeleton structure between the central and outer atoms.
• Satisfy the octets of atoms by distributing remaining valence electrons as nonbonding electrons. It is usually best start with the outer atoms.