Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 31P
In certain cases, genetic testing can identify mutant alleles that greatly increase a person’s chance of developing a disease such as breast cancer or colon cancer. Between 50 and 70% of people with these particular mutations will develop cancer, but the rest will not. Imagine you are either a 30-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer or a 30-year-old man with a family history of colon cancer (choose one). Each person can undergo genetic testing to identify a mutation that greatly increases susceptibility to the disease. Putting yourself in the place of the person you have chosen, provide answers to the following questions.
a. If you have a spouse or partner, are you obligated to tell that person the result of the genetic test? Why or why not?
b. If you have children, are you obligated to tell the children the result of the genetic test? Why or why not?
c. If you were the spouse or partner of the person you have selected, would you encourage or would you discourage the person from having the genetic test? Why?
d. If this person that you have selected were you, do you think you would have the genetic test or not? Can you explain the reasons for your answer?
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 1 - 1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives....Ch. 1 - 2. How do you think the determination that DNA is...Ch. 1 - 3. A commentator once described genetics as “the...Ch. 1 - All life shares DNA as the hereditary material....Ch. 1 - Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and...Ch. 1 - 6. Define the terms genotype and phenotype, and...Ch. 1 - 7. Define natural selection, and describe how...Ch. 1 - Describe the modern synthesis of evolution, and...Ch. 1 - What are the four processes of evolution? Briefly...Ch. 1 - Define each of the following terms: a....
Ch. 1 - 11. Compare and contrast the genome, the proteome,...Ch. 1 - With respect to transcription describe the...Ch. 1 - Plant agriculture and animal domestication...Ch. 1 - Briefly describe the contribution each of the...Ch. 1 - If thymine makes up 21% of the DNA nucleotides in...Ch. 1 - What reactive chemical groups are found at the 5...Ch. 1 - Identify two differences in chemical composition...Ch. 1 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology?...Ch. 1 - A portion of a polypeptide contains the amino...Ch. 1 - The following segment of DNA is the template...Ch. 1 - 23. Fill in the missing nucleotides (so there are...Ch. 1 - 24. Suppose a genotype for a protein-producing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 25PCh. 1 - 26. Four nucleic acid samples are analyzed to...Ch. 1 - 27. What is meant by the term homology? How is...Ch. 1 - 28. If one is constructing a phylogeny of reptiles...Ch. 1 - 29. Consider the following segment of...Ch. 1 - 30. Ethical and social issues have become a large...Ch. 1 - 31. In certain cases, genetic testing can identify...Ch. 1 - 32. What information presented in this chapter and...Ch. 1 - 33. It is common to study the biology and genetics...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In Section 12-1, Julie is concerned that she may develop breast cancer, but testing shows that she does not carry the rare high-risk BRCA1 and BRCA2 alleles. What if further testing showed that some of her aunts, her mother, and she carried a common low-risk allele for breast cancer. What would you recommend to Julie if you were her genetic counselor?arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you decide to have a child if the test results said that you carry the mutation for breast and ovarian cancer? The heart disease mutation? The TSD mutation? The heart disease and the mutant alleles?arrow_forwardPedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you want to know the results of the cancer, heart disease, and TSD tests if you were Sarah and Adam? Is it their responsibility as potential parents to gather this type of information before they decide to have a child?arrow_forward
- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. If Sarah carries the mutant cancer allele and Adam carries the mutant heart disease allele, what is the chance that they would have a child who is free of both diseases? Are these good odds?arrow_forwardA proband female with an unidentified disease seeks the advice of a genetic counselor before starting a family. Based on the following data, the counselor constructs a pedigree encompassing three generations: (1) The maternal grandfather of the proband has the disease. (2) The mother of the proband is unaffected and is the youngest of five children, the three oldest being male. (3) The proband has an affected older sister, but the youngest siblings are unaffected twins (boy and girl). (4) All the individuals who have the disease have been revealed. Duplicate the counselors featarrow_forwardFamilial retinoblastoma, a rare autosomal dominant defect, arose in a large family that had no prior history of the disease. Consider the following pedigree (the darkly colored symbols represent affected individuals): a. Circle the individual(s) in which the mutation most likely occurred. b. Is the person who is the source of the mutation affected by retinoblastoma? Justify your answer. c. Assuming that the mutant allele is fully penetrant, what is the chance that an affected individual will have an affected child?arrow_forward
- Pedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Using the pedigree provided, answer the following questions. a. Is the proband male or female? b. Is the grandfather of the proband affected? c. How many siblings does the proband have, and where is he or she in the birth order?arrow_forwardWhat is the term for situations in which a single functional allele of a gene is unable to mask an allele that deletes the gene completely?arrow_forwardScientists are learning more and more about the genetic factors that prompt the eventual development of serious diseases. If offered the opportunity, would you want to undergo a genetic screening that would predict the long-term future of your own health?arrow_forward
- Many people with mutated alleles that are associated with diseases, including some cancers, do not actually develop the disease. How is this possible?arrow_forwardDNA sequencing of your own two β-globin genes (one from each of your two Chromosome 11s) reveals a mutation in one of the genes. given this information alone, should you worry about being a carrier of an inherited disease that could be passed on to your children? What other information would you like to have to assess your risk?arrow_forwardImagine that you caught a female albino mouse inyour kitchen and decided to keep it for a pet. A fewmonths later, while vacationing in Guam, you caughta male albino mouse and decided to take it home forsome interesting genetic experiments. You wonderwhether the two mice are both albino due to mutations in the same gene. What could you do to find outthe answer to this question? Assume that both mutations are recessive.arrow_forward
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