Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The explanation that accounts for the fact that the radical
Concept introduction:
The order of relative stability of the radicals formed during a reaction are as follow:
The stability of the radical decides the path of the reaction. The path of the reaction will help is determining the products formed and can also be used in identifying the major product or thepreferred mechanism for a given reaction.
Hyperconjugation is an interaction between the sigma bond electrons and the adjacent atom’s empty or partially filled p-orbitals in improving the stability of the whole molecule.
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EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- 5. Predict the structure of the linear polymer formed by Ziegler- Natta polymerization of: (a) 2,6-dimethyl-1,6-heptadiene (b) 1,5-cyclooctadienearrow_forward4. Consider the free radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (shown below) using AIBN as the initiator. (a) Show the repeat structure of the polymer derived from this monomer. methyl methacrylato (b) What structure will be on the initiated end of the polymer? (c) Relative to part (b), what will be the structure at the terminal end of the polymer? Show all possibilities (there is more than one).arrow_forwardFor the radical polymerization of 2-methyl-1-propene shown below, give the initiation step, the first propagation step, and another propagation step in a mechanism for the reaction. Indicate electron flow with arrows. Show the structures of intermediate products.arrow_forward
- 2.) Draw out an oligomer of DP=5 for each of these polymers. Disregard stereochemistry (for now). tito n NH₂arrow_forwardShow by means of chemical equations the initiation, propagation, transfer and termination steps (if any) in the linear chain polymerizations a) – d) below. For each reaction, clearly show the initiating species, active center, repeating unit and end- groups of the polymer chains that are formed and comment on the mechanism involved: a) Styrene initiated with potassium amide in liquid ammonia as solvent. b) Isobutylene (2-methylpropene) initiated with boron trichloride/tert-butyl chloride as catalyst in methyl chloride as solvent. c) 1,3-Butadiene initiated with n-buytylithium (CAH9LI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 30°C and quenched with ethylene oxide followed by acidification. d) Propylene oxide initiated with potassium methoxide in methanol as solvent.arrow_forwardDraw cis and trans 1,2-dichloroethylene (C2H2Cl2) and predict their relative energiearrow_forward
- Give reasons: (i) C—Cl bond length in chlorobenzene is shorter than C—Cl bond length in CH3—Cl.(ii) The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride.(iii) SN1 reactions are accompanied by racemization in optically active alkyl halidesarrow_forward| Exercises 317 9.21 Identify the reactants from which the following molecules were prepared. If an acetal, identify the carbonyl compound and the alcohol; if an imine, identify the carbonyl compound and the amine; if an alcohol, identify the carbonyl compound and the Grignard reagent (red = 0, blue = N): (a) (b) (c)arrow_forward4. Which polymer in each of the following pairs would you expect to exhibit the higher glass transition temperature? Explain your choice in each case. 7. Which polymer each of the following pairs would you expect to exhibit the nigner glass transiti temperature? Explain your choice in each case. (a) CH₂CH or CH₂CH to occul] « toalemond] (b) or (c) -CH₂CH₂NH or CH₂CH₂O- 604-604 or (d) (e) +c- -COCH₂CH₂O- CH₂CH₂CH, - flor loreman of CH(CH₂)₂arrow_forward
- 6. Dacron is the brand name for the polymer that is made from ethane-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid. (a) When the two monomers combine, what type of reaction do they undergo and what molecule is eliminated? [1] (b) What is the name for the linkages that join the monomers together? [1] (c) Draw the monomers and the polymer of the reaction to create Dacron. [3]arrow_forwardChain branching is not as common with anionic polymerization as it is with free-radical polymerization and cationic polymerization. Compare the relative stabilities of the intermediates in this mechanism with those you drew for chain branching in the cationic polymerization of styrene. Explain why chain branching is less common in this anionic polymerization.arrow_forward(B). Write the chemical reactions of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane with the following two sets of reagents/experimental conditions given below. In each case, denote the type of the chemical reaction: (i). NaOH/H2O/heat: (ii). NaOH/CH3CH2OH/heat:arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning