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Concept explainers
Interpretation: Step-wise synthesis of
Concept introduction:
Radical halogenation is a substitution reaction in which hydrogen atoms of
One problem with alkane halogenations is that multiple substitutions occur unless an excess of alkane is used.
At normal temperature and pressure, chlorine and methane do not react with each other. The reaction is initiated by light or heat. If they are exposed to light,
The reaction that is initiated by light is more efficient because a very small amount of photons allows a large number of products to form.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- PRACTICE PROBLEM 8.20 Specify the alkene and reagents needed to synthesize each of the following diols. OH HO- (a) (b) (c) HO. н он HO (racemic) (racemic)arrow_forwardGiven the sequence of reactions shown below assume the reactions are stoichiometric fill in the reagents needed for steps A B and C and explain what happens in each step of the reactions, by also namearrow_forward12.6 (opq) Predict the major product and give the name of the reactionarrow_forward
- 2B Suggest a short synthetic route for the preparation of compound D from compound C OH Br COOH C D Note: Apart from compound C, you can also use organic reagents with up to 1 C atom. The number of arrows in the figure above does not necessarily correspond to the number of steps.arrow_forwardPractice Problem 13.37a Draw the major organic product of the following reaction sequence. 1) RCO3H 2) MeMgBr 3) H20arrow_forward(a) Tsomane and Nyiko were given a task of synthesising methylenecyclohexane 2. After a brief discussion with each other, Tsomane proposed Method A to synthesise 2 from cyclohexanone 1 while Nyiko proposed Method B that started from hydroxymethylcyclohexane 3. Each student believed that their proposed method is better than the other. (Scheme below) (1) Ph Ph 8*8 Ph THF A 1 Santande B H₂SO4 100 °C 3 OH Using curly arrows, provide full mechanistic details accounting how methylenecyclohexane 2 was synthesised according to both Methods A and B.arrow_forward
- 10.47 (•) Suggest a method for synthesizing the following alkynes using an alkyne and an alkyl halide. [There are two correct answers for each product.] (a) Pharrow_forward(a) How will you carry out the following conversions?(i) Acetylene to Acetic acid (ii) Toluene to m-nitrobenzoic acid(iii) Ethanol to Acetone(b) Give reasons :(i) Chloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid.(ii) pH of reaction should be carefully controlled while preparing ammonia derivatives of carbonyl compounds.arrow_forward(b) Outline, using suitable mechanisms, how the following conversion may be brought about. You should indicate the reagents to be used and any intermediate compounds that may be formed. Each arrow may represent one or more than one step. P(C6H5)3 HC 8-6-30 CH₂Br HC H CH3arrow_forward
- (b) Your task is to prepare styrene by one of the following reactions. Which reaction would you choose to give the better yield of styrene? Explain your answer. Br KOH EtOH, A (ii) KOH EtOH, Aarrow_forward(b) Alkene 6 undergoes the reaction sequence shown below to generate 7, answer ALL parts (i) to (iii) 1) Hg(OAc)2, H₂O 2) NaBH4 7 (C11H14O) 6 (i) Identify compound 7 and give a mechanism for the reaction with Hg(OAc)2 and water. [A mechanism for the reaction with NaBH4 is not required] (ii) With reference to your mechanism, explain the regioselectivity of the reaction. (iii) What would the product be if the second step was performed using deuterated sodium borohydride (NaBD4).arrow_forwardPractice Problem 08.59 Compound X is treated with Br2 to yield meso-2,3-dibromobutane. Draw the structure of compound X. Editarrow_forward
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