Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 1CBQ
Review the concept of an RNA world described in Chapter 4, Section 41. Discuss which ncRNAs described in Table 11. 1 may have arisen during the RNA world, and which probably arose after the modern DNA/RNA/protein came into being.
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Imagine the four basic components of gene regulation are DNA, RNA, proteins, and small molecules. Which of these things can ncRNA interact with?
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Regions of complementary base sequence
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An enzyme to catalyze thr formation of covalent bonds
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 11.1 - Which of these binding interactions might be...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11.1 - When an ncRNA functions as a decoy, it contains...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11.4 - Explain why RISC binds to a specific mRNA. What...Ch. 11.4 - The process of RNA interference may lead to the...
Ch. 11.4 - To catalyze the methylation of an rRNA, a snoRNA...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.6 - Which of the following components are needed for...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 11.7 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11 - Which of the following types of molecules could...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2TYCh. 11 - Prob. 3TYCh. 11 - Prob. 4TYCh. 11 - Prob. 5TYCh. 11 - Prob. 6TYCh. 11 - Prob. 7TYCh. 11 - Prob. 8TYCh. 11 - Prob. 9TYCh. 11 - Prob. 10TYCh. 11 - An ncRNA may have the following funtions:...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 11 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 11 - Review the concept of an RNA world described in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- The RNAi and the microRNA (miRNA) pathways share many components and characteristics. What unique feature distinguishes the microRNA pathway from RNAi? a) only the RNAi pathway is initiated by dsRNA molecules b) the miRNA pathway does not require Dicer c) the miRNA pathway does not require RISC. d) miRNAs have 100% complementarity with their mRNA targets to block translation e) siRNAs that act in RNAi have 100% complementarity with their mRNA targets resulting in endonucleolytic cleavagearrow_forwardDescribe the ability of ncRNAs to bind to other molecules and macromolecules.arrow_forwardAlthough exRNAs are found in many fluids within plants and animals, why are they usually found within vesicles or bound by proteins?arrow_forward
- MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs that are ___________________ to the body of the organism. They search the __________________ in the cytoplasm for sequence complementary to that of the miRNA. When such a molecule is found, it is then targeted for __________________. RNAi is double-stranded RNA that is ____________________ to the organism. It is digested into ______________________ RNA which will then bind a complementary sequence on the mRNA of the organism, effectively protecting it from translating foreign sequences. exogenous methylation riboswitch destruction mitochondria endogenous Dicer mRNA rRNA DNA phosphorylation single-stranded RNA double-stranded RNA prokaryotic…arrow_forwardList several examples of ncRNAs, and describe their functions.arrow_forwardAn ncRNA may have the following functions: scaffold, guide, alterer of protein function or stability, ribozyme, blocker, and/or decoy. Which of these functions are mediated by each type of ncRNA listed next? Note: A singlencRNA may have more than one function. A. tRNAB. rRNAC. SRP RNAD. piRNAarrow_forward
- Define the term RNAi.arrow_forwardThe piRNA, miRNA and RNAi pathways are all similar and may have evolved from some early function of small RNAs in an ancestral cell. The piRNA pathway seems a bit unique in several ways however. Name two distinct features that are unique to the piRNA pathway when compared to the miRNA and the RNAi pathwaarrow_forwardThe number of microRNAs encoded by the genome varies widely among organisms: some species have many miRNA genes and other species have relatively few. Researchers have determined the number of miRNA genes possessed by different species and have made the following observations: Q. The number of miRNA genes found on a chromosome is not correlated with chromosome length. In other words, longer chromosomes do not necessarily have more miRNA genes.arrow_forward
- An ncRNA may have the following functions: scaffold, guide,alterer of protein function or stability, ribozyme, blocker, and/ordecoy. Which of those functions is/are mediated by each of thencRNAs listed next? (Note: A single ncRNA may have more thanone function.) A. HOTAIRB. RNA of RNasePC. microRNAD. crRNAarrow_forwardOutline the general functions of ncRNAs.arrow_forwardList and briefly describe four types of molecules that can bind to an ncRNA.arrow_forward
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