Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.12P
Answer true or false.
- Both ethylene and acetylene are planar molecules.
( g) Cyclohexene can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers.
(h) 1-Chloropropene can exist as a pair of cis-trans isomers.
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1. a. Draw and name the five cycloalkane structures of formula C5H10. Can any of these structures give rise to geometric (cis-trans) isomerism? If so, show the cis and trans stereoisomers.
b. Draw and name the eight cycloalkane structures of formula C6H12 that do not show geometric isomerism.
c. Draw and name the four cycloalkanes of formula C6H12 that do have cis-trans isomers.
2. Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.
(a) an isopropylheptane (b) a diethyldecane (c) a cis-diethylcyclohexane
(d) a trans-dihalocyclopentane (e) a (2,3-dimethylpentyl)cycloalkane (f) a bicyclononane
3. 2. refer to the photo attached and answer the ff.3-33, 3-34
A pair of electrons(s) in the s bond spreads out into empty p orbital, stabilizing electron-deficient
carbon atom, the process is known as ________.
a) Inductive effect, b) Resonance, c) Hyperconjugation.
The carbon atom in dibromocarbene has only ______ electrons in its valence shell with _____
hybridized and ________ geometry.
a) Four, sp3, trigonal, b) Five, sp, planar, c) Six, sp2, trigonal, d) Five, sp3, planar.
1. Considering compounds that have the same number of carbon atoms, explain why alkanes and cycloalkanes have different molecular formulas but alkenes and cycloalkanes have the same molecular formulas.
2. Draw the condensed or line-angle structure for an alkene with the formula C5H10.
3. Draw the condensed or line-angle structure for 4 more C5H10 isomers (2 additional alkenes and 2 cyclic isomers).
Chapter 12 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12.1PCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12.2PCh. 12.3 - Problem 12-3 Write the IUPAC name for each...Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12-4 Draw structural formulas for the...Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12-5 How many stereoisomers are possible...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.6PCh. 12.5 - Problem 12-7 Propose a two-step mechanism for the...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.8PCh. 12.5 - Problem 12-9 Propose a three-step reaction...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.10P
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11PCh. 12 - Answer true or false. Both ethylene and acetylene...Ch. 12 - 12-13 What is the difference in structure between...Ch. 12 - There are three compounds with the molecular...Ch. 12 - 12-15 Name and draw structural formulas for all...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.16PCh. 12 - Draw a structural formula for at least one...Ch. 12 - Each carbon atom in ethane and in ethylene is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.19PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.20PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21PCh. 12 - 12*22 Draw a structural formula for each compound....Ch. 12 - 12-23 Draw a structural formula for each compound....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.24PCh. 12 - 12-25 Write the IUPAC name for each unsaturated...Ch. 12 - Explain why each name is incorrect and then write...Ch. 12 - 12-27 Explain why each name is incorrect and then...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.28PCh. 12 - 12-29 Which of these alkenes show cis-trans...Ch. 12 - 12-30 Which of these alkenes shows cis-trans...Ch. 12 - 12-31 Cyclodecene exists as both cis and trans...Ch. 12 - Arachidonic acid is a naturally occurring C„o...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.33PCh. 12 - If you examine the structural formulas for the...Ch. 12 - 12*35 For each molecule that shows eis-trans...Ch. 12 - Name and draw structural formulas for all...Ch. 12 - /3-Ocimene, a triene found in the fragrance of...Ch. 12 - Answer true or false. Alkenes and alkynes are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.39PCh. 12 - 12-40 Define alkene addition reaction. Write an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.41PCh. 12 - 12-42 Complete these equations.Ch. 12 - Draw structural formulas for all possible...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.44PCh. 12 - 12-45 Draw a structural formula for the product of...Ch. 12 - Draw a structural formula for an alkene with the...Ch. 12 - 12-47 Draw a structural formula for an alkene with...Ch. 12 - Draw a structural formula for an alkene with the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.49PCh. 12 - 12-50 Draw the structural formula of an alkene...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.51PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.52PCh. 12 - Following is the structural formula of...Ch. 12 - Propose an explanation for the following...Ch. 12 - There are nine alkenes with the molecular formula...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.56PCh. 12 - 12-57 Hydrocarbon A, Cf,Hs, reacts with 2 moles of...Ch. 12 - 12-58 Show how to convert ethylene to these...Ch. 12 - 12-59 Show how to convert 1-butene to these...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.60PCh. 12 - 12-61 (Chemical Connections 12A) What is one...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.62PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.63PCh. 12 - 12-64 (Chemical Connections 120 What is the...Ch. 12 - (Chemical Connections 120 Assume that 1 X IO-12 g...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.66PCh. 12 - 12-67 (Chemical Connections 12D ) In which isomer...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.68PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73PCh. 12 - Propose a structural formula for the product!s)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.75PCh. 12 - Draw the structural formula of an alkene that...Ch. 12 - 12-77 Show how to convert cyclopentene into these...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.78PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79PCh. 12 - In omega-3 fatty adds, the last carbon of the last...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.81P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Dodecane, C12H26, is an unbranched alkane Predict the following: Will it dissolve in water? Will it dissolve in hexane? Will it burn when ignited? Is it a liquid, solid, or gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure? Is it more or less dense than water?arrow_forward/3-Ocimene, a triene found in the fragrance of cotton blossoms and several essential oils, has the 1UPAC name czs-3,7-dimethyl-l,3,6-octatriene. (Cis refers to the configuration of the double bond between carbons 3 and 4, the only double bond in this molecule about which cis-trans isomerism is possible.) Draw a structural formula for /3-ocimene.arrow_forwardConsider a cyclohexane ring substituted with one methyl group and one hydroxyl group. Draw the structural formula for a compound with this composition that: Does not show cis/trans isomerism. Does show cis/trans isomerism.arrow_forward
- Draw a structural formula for an alkene with the indicated molecular formula that gives the compound shown as the major product. Note that more than one alkene may give the same compound as the major product. CHa | C5Hw + H,O CH3CCH2CH3 OH CHa I C5H10 + Br2 » CH3CHCHCH, Br Br 7H12 + HC1 oearrow_forwardAs stated in Section 11-9, the wax found in apple skins is an unbranched alkane with the molecular formula C^H^. Explain how the presence of this alkane in apple skins prevents the loss of moisture from within the apple.arrow_forwardWhat is cis-trans isomerism in alkenes? cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having the major groups in an alkene on the same or opposite side of the double bond cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having different or identical substituents at the both ends of the double bond cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having the major groups in an alkene in staggered or eclipsed conformations cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves different location of double bond along the carbon chainarrow_forward
- What is cis-trans isomerism in alkenes? cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having the major groups in an alkene on the same or opposite side of the double bond cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having different or identical substituents at the both ends of the double bond cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves having the major groups in an alkene in staggered or eclipsed conformations cis-trans isomerism in alkenes involves different location of double bond along the carbon chain How do the properties of cis-trans isomers differ from one another? cis and trans isomers have identical physical properites, whereas their chemical properties differ cis and trans isomers have identical chemical properites, whereas their physical properties differ cis and trans isomers have identical physical and chemical properties cis and trans isomers have distinct physical and chemical propertiesarrow_forwardThe empirical formula of X is C3H5CIO If X is an optically alkanal, give the structural formula of X and draw this pair of enantiomers.Structural formula of X : If X has a C=C bond and a saturated OH group (i.e. The OH group does not attach to the C=C), give the structural formula of X if X shows cis-trans isomerism. Draw the pair of cis-trans isomers.Structural formula of X :arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is untrue about the identity of the molecule?I. The molecule bond angles are associated with its sp-hybridized carbon.II. All the atoms are in a straight line where sigma & pi bonding exists.III. The molecule is acetylene having one sigma bond and 2 pi bonds.IV. A linear geometry of the molecule shows a highest bond strength and bond length compared to an alkane and alkene.arrow_forward
- For each molecule, draw the structure and indicate whether cis/trans isomers are possible. If they do, draw them both and label them as cis and trans. a. 2-methyl-1-butene b.1,2-dimethylcyclohexanearrow_forwardDETERMINE IF TRUE OR FALSE 1. In 1686, the structure of the benzene molecule was assumed into existence by using the principles of structural theory 2. R-O-R's have high chemical reactivity 3. Eicosene is solid at room temperature 4. The oxygen atom in ethers is in the tetrahedral state of hybridization. 5. Phenols are toxic to microorganisms that's why it is not advisable for it to be used as an antisepticarrow_forwardThe following molecule contains two functional groups, a haloalkane group and an alkyne. CH3—CHBr—CH=CH2 A) True B) Falsearrow_forward
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