Banning controversial sports team sponsors. Refer to the Journal of Marketing Research (October 2015) study of the impact of banning a controversial sponsor on a sports team's success, Exercise 12.81 (p. 734). Recall that markets for English soccer clubs were classified as one of four types: (1) banned alcohol sponsors but now have other sponsors, (2) banned alcohol sponsors and now have no other sponsors, (3) did not ban alcohol sponsors but now have other sponsors, and (4) did not ban alcohol sponsors and now have no other sponsors. To assess the impact of an alcohol ban in a market, you fit a main effects model for the matching value loss (y) as a
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- A U.S. study published in The American Journal of Preventive Medicine compared state-level prevalence of firearm ownership in 2002 with state-level rates of firearm assault and firearm robbery in the subsequent year. The investigators found a positive association - meaning that states with higher prevalence of firearm ownership also tended to be the states with higher rates of firearm assault. Which design best describes this study? a)Observational cohort study b)Randomized trial c)Case-control study d)Ecological studyarrow_forwardA study in Sweden looked at former elite soccer players, people who had played soccer but not at the elite level, and people of the same age who did not play soccer. Here is a two-way table that classifies these subjects by whether or not they had arthritis of the hip or knee by their mid-fifties: Elite Non-elite Did not play Arthritis 10 9 24 No arthritis 61 206 548 Based on this study, you can conclude thatarrow_forwardIn a recent study, young adults (18-25 years) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments to increase seat belt use. The intervention group received Safe Vehicle Engagement (SAVE) intervention, a 6-week automated interactive text message program, including weekly seat belt use queries with feedback and goal support to increase seat belt use. The control group received similar queries but no additional feedback. The primary objective is to assess whether there is an association between treatment (SAVE vs control) and self-report of always using a seat belt over the past 2 weeks at the 6-week follow-up. Below is the 2x2 table of treatment and primary endpoint. Always wearing a seat belt Not always wearing a seat belt SAVE Intervention 34 48 Control 15 61 Questions: (1) Estimate an appropriate absolute measure of association and 95% confidence interval (CI) comparing participants who received SAVE intervention to those who received control treatment. Be…arrow_forward
- In a recent study, young adults (18-25 years) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments to increase seat belt use. The intervention group received Safe Vehicle Engagement (SAVE) intervention, a 6-week automated interactive text message program, including weekly seat belt use queries with feedback and goal support to increase seat belt use. The control group received similar queries but no additional feedback. The primary objective is to assess whether there is an association between treatment (SAVE vs control) and self-report of always using a seat belt over the past 2 weeks at the 6-week follow-up. Below is the 2x2 table of treatment and primary endpoint. Always wearing a seat belt Not always wearing a seat belt SAVE Intervention 34 48 Control 15 61 Questions: (1) Estimate an appropriate absolute measure of association and 95% confidence interval (CI) comparing participants who received SAVE intervention to those who received control treatment. Be…arrow_forwardA cross-sectional study is conducted to investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among a sample of patients seeking medical care at one of three local hospitals. A total of 500500 patients are enrolled. Based on the following data, we would like to determine if there is a significant association between the family history of CVD and the enrollment site. Enrollment Site Family History of CVD Hospital 1 Hospital 2 Hospital 3 Total Yes 34 8 58 100 No 104 72 224 400 Total 138 80 282 500 Given: The value of the test statistic is χ2= 6.912 Use α=0.1 as the level of significance. The superintendent of Hospital 2 performed the Goodness of Fit Test to test whether 25% of the patients go to Hospital 1, 15% of the patients go to Hospital 2 and 60% of the patients go to Hospital 3. Given: The superintendent found that the pp-value for the test is 0.25091 Let: p1=p1= be the proportion of patients at Hospital 1 p2=p2= be the proportion of patients at…arrow_forwardA consumer advocacy group wanted to study whether different airline carriers differed in terms of their delayed flights. In particular, the researchers were interested in the relationship between p1, the proportion of Alpha Airlines flights that were delayed at least 15 minutes, and p2, the proportion of Beta Airlines flights that were delayed at least 15 minutes. A random sample of 1,000 Alpha flights and a separate random sample of 1,000 Beta flights found that 67 of the Alpha fights and 160 of the Beta flights were delayed at least 15 minutes. The conditions for inference were checked and verified. Does this set of samples provide strong evidence that Alpha Airlines has a smaller proportion of flights that are delayed at least 15 minutes than Beta Airlines, at the α = 0.05 significance level? Find the z-table here. A. The test statistic is z = –6.56 and the P-value ≈ 0. Since the P-value ≈ 0 < 0.05, there is not sufficient evidence that Alpha Airlines has fewer delayed…arrow_forward
- In a research to study the gender differences in receiving Lidocaine therapy in Acure Myocardial infarction (AMI) patients older than 75 years who have a history of hypertension and strokes, there were 81 patients in total (30 males and 51 females). The following table provides the outcomes. Therapy Gender Receive Not receive Total Male 8 22 30 Female 16 35 51 Total 24 57 81 According to the hypothesis that there is no association between receive Lidocaine therapy and gender, what does the minimum expected cell count in this table? Based on the answer to part a, which test should you use to test the hypothesis of no association between receive Lidocaine therapy and gender? Test the hypothesis whether the receiving Lidocaine therapy is independent of their gender at .05 significance level. Find the critical value and p-value, respectively. Therapy Gender Receive Not receive Total Male 2 28 30…arrow_forwardWhich of the independent variables retains the strongest association with the number of children a respondent has when all other variables in the model are controlled? What is that association? Which has the weakest when other variables are controlled?arrow_forwardAn online clothing retailer is testing a new e-mail campaign by sending one version of the e-mail with the word “free” in the subject line (version A) to a group of 1,500 customers and another version of the e-mail with word “discount” in the subject line (version B) to a different group of 1500 customers. After tracking the responses to the two versions of the e-mail advertising, the retailer finds that 75 responded to version A and 105 responded to version B. At 0.05 significance level, can it be concluded that the response rate for version B is higher than the response rate to version A What is your decision? Enter “R” if your decision is to reject the null hypotheses. Enter “F” if the decision is fail to/do not reject the null hypotheses. Your answer (R/F) is: Which of the followings is the most appropriate conclusion for the hypotheses test? Enter the number corresponding to the most appropriate conclusion in the answer box. For example, if statement number 2 is the most…arrow_forward
- An online clothing retailer is testing a new e-mail campaign by sending one version of the e-mail with the word “free” in the subject line (version A) to a group of 1,500 customers and another version of the e-mail with word “discount” in the subject line (version B) to a different group of 1500 customers. After tracking the responses to the two versions of the e-mail advertising, the retailer finds that 75 responded to version A and 105 responded to version B. At 0.05 significance level, can it be concluded that the response rate for version B is higher than the response rate to version A Determine which of the following formulations of the hypotheses is appropriate and enter the corresponding number in the answer text box. Index “a” refers to the population of the customers who respond to version A and index “b” refers to the population of customers who are responsive to version B. Identify and enter the number corresponding to the most appropriate formulation for the…arrow_forwardA study of “adverse symptoms” in users of over-the-counter pain relief medications assigned subjects at random toone of two common pain relievers: acetaminophen and ibuprofen. In all, 650 subjects took acetaminophen, and 44experienced some adverse symptom. Of the 347 subjects who took ibuprofen, 49 had an adverse symptom. Is thisconvincing evidence that the two pain relievers differ in the proportion of people who experience an adverse symptom?arrow_forwardBased on a survey of 12,344 U.S. college students and 6,729 Canadian college students, Kuo, Adlaf, Lee, Gliksman, Demers, and Wechsler (2002) report that alcohol use is more common among Canadian than U.S. students, but heavy drinking (five or more drinks in a row for males, four or more for females) is significantly higher among U.S. students than Canadian students. Is this an example of a survey research design?arrow_forward
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