Chapter 12.2, Problem 3RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The use of electronic configurations to predict the formula of ionic compounds is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Ionic bonds are formed when there is complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another forming the bonds.

Ionic bond is formed by atoms which have maximum tendency to loss and gain electrons and after losing their electrons if octet is completed.

Answer to Problem 3RQ

Electronic configuration helps to know the number of electrons that can be lost or gained by an atom. Thus knowing the electrons lost or gained formula of compound can be written.

Explanation of Solution

For example:

Calcium has two electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to loss two electrons where chlorine has seven electrons in valence shell and hence it has tendency to gain one electron. Therefore one atom of calcium forms ionic bond with two atoms of chlorine and the chemical formula of calcium chloride is CaCl₂

Conclusion

Thus, electronic configurations help to write the formulas of ionic compounds.