Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The reagents required to convert 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene to the given products are to be provided.
Concept introduction:
舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.
舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.
舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.
舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
舧 The reaction in which there is addition of hydrogen molecule is called hydrogenation reaction.
舧
舧 Hydrogenation with platinum as a catalyst is used to convert unsaturated carbohydrates to saturated hydrocarbons
舧 Oxidation of
舧 Ozonolysis helps convert the carbon–carbon double bonds to carbon–oxygen double bond (carbonyl compounds).
舧 Dimethyl sulfide is used as a reducing agent that decomposes the intermediate formed into the carbonyl group.
舧 Alkenes react with bromine and form alkyl dihalides. The product stereochemistry is dependent on the stereochemistry of the reactant alkene.
舧 The 1,2 – addition of hydrohalogenation (HX) to a diene is the addition of hydrogen to the carbon designated as 1 and halogen to the carbon designated as 2. But the positions of carbons as 1 and 2 are not according to the IUPAC numbering of the molecule but as a conjugated diene. The mechanism is similar with 1,4-addition.
舧 The mechanism of 1,2 addition and 1,4-addition of hydrohalogenation is given below:
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Organic Chemistry
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