Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305581982
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 21E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The orbitals which overlap to form various bonds in urea should be determined by using hybrid orbitals for carbon, nitrogen and oxygen.
Concept Introduction:
When two atomic orbitals combine with each other to produce hybrid orbitals, redistribution of energy of orbitals of distinct atoms to form orbitals with equal energy occurs. This process is known as hybridization and the formed new orbitals are known as hybrid orbitals.
Electron pairs which are localized on atom are known as lone pairs whereas electron pairs which are found in a space between atoms are known as bonding pairs.
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Chemical Principles
Ch. 14 - Prob. 1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 4DQCh. 14 - Prob. 5DQCh. 14 - Prob. 6DQCh. 14 - Compare and contrast the MO model with the LE...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8DQCh. 14 - Prob. 9ECh. 14 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 14 - Prob. 11ECh. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15ECh. 14 - Use the LE model to describe the bonding in H2CO...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - The space-filling models of hydrogen cyanide and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - Prob. 21ECh. 14 - Indigo is the dye used in coloring blue jeans. The...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23ECh. 14 - Prob. 24ECh. 14 - Why must all six atoms in C2H4 be in the same...Ch. 14 - The allene molecule has the following Lewis...Ch. 14 - Biacetyl and acetoin are added to margarine to...Ch. 14 - Many important compounds in the chemical industry...Ch. 14 - Prob. 29ECh. 14 - Hot and spicy foods contain molecules that...Ch. 14 - Two molecules used in the polymer industry are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 32ECh. 14 - The three most stable oxides of carbon are carbon...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34ECh. 14 - Prob. 35ECh. 14 - What are the relationships among bond order, bond...Ch. 14 - Prob. 37ECh. 14 - A Lewis structure obeying the octet rule can be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 39ECh. 14 - Why does the molecular orbital model do a better...Ch. 14 - Prob. 41ECh. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - In which of the following diatomic molecules would...Ch. 14 - Prob. 45ECh. 14 - Using the molecular orbital model to describe the...Ch. 14 - The transport of O2 in the blood is carried out by...Ch. 14 - Prob. 48ECh. 14 - Prob. 49ECh. 14 - Consider the following electron configuration:...Ch. 14 - Prob. 51ECh. 14 - Using an MO energy-level diagram, would you expect...Ch. 14 - Use Figs.14.45 and 14.46 to answer the following...Ch. 14 - The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase....Ch. 14 - Prob. 55ECh. 14 - Describe the bonding in the O3 molecule and the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 57ECh. 14 - The space-filling model for benzoic acid is shown...Ch. 14 - Prob. 59ECh. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - The microwave spectrum of 12C16O shows that the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Prob. 63ECh. 14 - Prob. 64ECh. 14 - Draw the Lewis structures, predict the molecular...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66AECh. 14 - Prob. 67AECh. 14 - Prob. 68AECh. 14 - Prob. 69AECh. 14 - Prob. 70AECh. 14 - Prob. 71AECh. 14 - Prob. 72AECh. 14 - Prob. 73AECh. 14 - Vitamin B6 is an organic compound whose deficiency...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75AECh. 14 - Prob. 76AECh. 14 - Prob. 77AECh. 14 - Prob. 78AECh. 14 - Prob. 79AECh. 14 - Draw the Lewis structures for TeCl4 , ICl5 , PCl5...Ch. 14 - Prob. 81AECh. 14 - Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 83AECh. 14 - Prob. 84AECh. 14 - Prob. 85AECh. 14 - Prob. 86AECh. 14 - Given that the ionization energy of F2 is...Ch. 14 - Bond energy has been defined in the text as the...Ch. 14 - a.A flask containing gaseous N2 is irradiated with...Ch. 14 - Use the MO model to determine which of the...Ch. 14 - Cholesterol (C27H46O) has the following structure:...Ch. 14 - Arrange the following from lowest to highest...Ch. 14 - Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 94CPCh. 14 - In Exercise71 in Chapter13 , the Lewis structures...Ch. 14 - Prob. 96CPCh. 14 - Prob. 97CPCh. 14 - Prob. 98MP
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- Piperine, the active ingredient in black pepper, has this Lewis structure. (a) Give the values for the indicated bond angles. (b) What is the hybridization of the nitrogen? (c) What is the hybridization of the oxygens?arrow_forwardAspartame is a compound that is 200 times sweeter than sugar and is used extensively (under the trade name NutraSweet) in diet soft drinks. The skeleton structure of the atoms in aspartame is (a) Complete the Lewis structure and give the number of and bonds in aspartame. (b) What is the hybridization about each carbon atom that forms a double bond with an oxygen atom? (c) What is the hybridization about each nitrogen atom?arrow_forwardMethylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in super glues. Its Lewis structure is (a) How many sigma bonds are in the molecule? (b) How many pi bonds are in the molecule? (c) What is the hybridization of the carbon atom bonded to nitrogen? (d) What is the hybridization of the carbon atom bonded to oxygen? (e) What is the hybridization of the double-bonded oxygen?arrow_forward
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