Essentials of Genetics, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Genetics with eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134319070
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 21PDQ
In maize, a Ds or Ac transposon can cause mutations in genes at or near the site of transposon insertion. It is possible for these elements to transpose away from their original site, causing a reversion of the mutant phenotype. In some cases, however, even more severe
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The b1 allele encodes a transcription factor that stimulates production of anthocyanin, a purple pigment in plants. What would be the effect of deleting the seven tandem repeats that are located 100,000 bp upstream of the b1 locus in corn?
What does it mean for a transposable element to be effectively “dead”?
A.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they are only found in non-coding regions and therefore do not interfere with phenotypic expression. B.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they are no longer able to undergo transposition and move to another region of the genome.Â
C.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they do cause disease despite their presence.
D.
The transposable elements are “dead” because they occur only in somatic cells and therefore are not heritable.
. For the following types of chromosomal rearrangements,would it theoretically ever be possible to obtain aperfect reversion of the rearrangement? If so, wouldsuch revertants be found only rarely, or would theybe relatively common?a. A deletion of a region including five genesb. A tandem duplication of a region including five genesc. A pericentric inversiond. A Robertsonian translocatione. A mutation caused by a transposable elementjumping into a protein-coding exon of a gene
Chapter 14 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Genetics with eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition)
Ch. 14 - CASE STUDY| Genetic dwarfism Seven months...Ch. 14 -
CASE STUDY | Genetic dwarfism
Seven months...Ch. 14 -
CASE STUDY| Genetic dwarfism
Seven months...Ch. 14 - CASE STUDY | Genetic dwarfism Seven months...Ch. 14 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 14 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 257....Ch. 14 - What is a spontaneous mutation, and why are...Ch. 14 -
4. Why would a mutation in a somatic cell of a...Ch. 14 - Why is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 14 - Most mutations in a diploid organism are...
Ch. 14 - What is meant by a conditional mutation?Ch. 14 -
8. Describe a tautomeric shift and how it may...Ch. 14 - Contrast and compare the mutagenic effects of...Ch. 14 - Why are frameshift mutations likely to be more...Ch. 14 - Why are X rays more potent mutagens than UV...Ch. 14 -
12. DNA damage brought on by a variety of natural...Ch. 14 - Contrast the various types of DNA repair...Ch. 14 -
14. Mammography is an accurate screening...Ch. 14 - Describe how the Ames test screens for potential...Ch. 14 - What genetic defects result in the disorder...Ch. 14 - In a bacterial culture in which all cells are...Ch. 14 - Human equivalents of bacterial DNA mismatch repair...Ch. 14 - A number of different types of mutations in the...Ch. 14 -
20. Some mutations that lead to diseases such as...Ch. 14 - In maize, a Ds or Ac transposon can cause...Ch. 14 -
22. Presented here are hypothetical findings from...Ch. 14 -
23. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe autosomal...Ch. 14 -
24. Electrophilic oxidants are known to create...Ch. 14 - Skin cancer carries a lifetime risk nearly equal...Ch. 14 -
26. The initial discovery of IS elements in...Ch. 14 -
27. It is estimated that about 0.2 percent of...Ch. 14 -
28. It has been noted that most transposons in...Ch. 14 - Two related forms of muscular dystrophy–Duchenne...
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- Discuss the differences between transposable elements that are genomic parasites and transposable elements that have become domesticated. Do you think these terms (genomic parasite and domesticated transposable elements) are good choices for these types of elements? Why or why not?arrow_forwardMutations outside the coding sequences can modify geneexpression by altering the amount, time, or place of__________ production.?arrow_forwardIn a particular organism, there are two similar genes called YFG1 and YFG2. YFG1 is expressed in the liver and not in the pancreas, and YFG2 is expressed in the pancreas but not the liver. Neither YFG1 nor YFG2 is expressed in the heart. If you extract DNA from heart cells, do you expect to see the YFG2 gene? Explain why. Do you expect to see the YFG1 protein when you analyze protein extract from liver cells? And from pancreas cells? And from heart cells? Explain why. Is it possible to produce YFG1 and YFG2 proteins via alternative splicing? Explain one possible way (mechanism) to regulate the expression of YFG1 gene.arrow_forward
- In this module, you have learned about the use of balancer chromosomes (such as TM2 and TM6C in the below crossing scheme) for isolating Drosophila mutants during EMS mutagenesis. Please inspect the following crossing scheme and choose which of the following statements is correct.   A. TM6C is preferable over TM2 when performing mutagenesis  B. EMS induces chromosomal inversion  C. A balancer chromosome helps to isolate on which chromosome the mutant is located  D. Following the above crossing scheme all flies with no TM2 or TM6C markers are mutantsarrow_forwardHow do we know that the mutant Bar-eye phenotype in Drosophila is due to a duplicated gene region rather than to a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene?arrow_forwardIn McCune-Albright syndrome, fibrous connective tissue replaces bone, tan patches (café-au-lait spots) dot the skin, and hormone abnormalities cause early puberty and malfunction of the thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands. The phenotype is highly variable, and all patients are somatic mosaics for the mutation, which is in the gene GNAS1. Why is the condition seen only in mosaics?arrow_forward
- You have the following DNA coding sequence of a wild-type allele: 5’-ATG TTC CAG CTA GAT GAT ATG CTG GTA ATT GGG GAA CGC GCG CGG TAA-3’  For each of the following mutations: A. State whether the mutation is missense, nonsense, frameshift, or silent. B. Write the codon change that occurs for the missense, nonsense, and silent mutations (ex. GAA --  GAT). C. For frameshift mutations, write out the entire mutant sequence with each codon clearly indicated (if the frameshift creates a new stop codon, end the sequence at the new stop).   Using the wild type DNA sequence above as a guide :   Write the amino acid sequence of the mutants. Mutant 1: transition at nucleotide 23 Mutant 2: T --> G transversion at nucleotide 29 Mutant 3: an insertion of “A” after nucleotide 14 Mutant 4: transition at nucleotide 7 Mutant 5: An insertion of GG after nucleotide 40 Mutant 6: transition at nucleotide 15 Mutant 7: a deletion of nucleotide 25arrow_forwardThe anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is  what is it called when heterozygous have a phenotype in betyween two parental allels?  what is the effect of many genes on a single character called?arrow_forwardIn the bacteriophage T7 system used to express recombinant proteins, the gene of interest is fused to T7 promoter and T7 RNA polymerase is separately cloned into the same cell. What is the main reason this system uses T7 RNA polymerase instead of relying on the bacterial RNA polymerase? To restrict the expression of bacterial protein expression To enhance the amount of recombinant protein expression To enhance the expression of bacterial protein expression To restrict the amount of recombinant protein expression To enable the expression of T7 viral protein expressionarrow_forward
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY