Chapter 15, Problem 15.23UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Describes what happen in the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol, it should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis Reaction:  This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\pi$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Acetal formation: The acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The line structure should be draw and identified given the reactant of aldehyde and alcohol to form a hemiacetal, the transformation should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal formation: The small amount of acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.