Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell. Concept introduction: In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 1E

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is an exergonic reaction in the cell.

Concept introduction:

In an exergonic reaction, the energy is liberated to the surroundings; whereas in an endergonic reaction, the energy is absorbed. Phosphorylase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to the substrate from an inorganic phosphate. Glycogen phosphorylase reaction partially depends on the concentrations of substrate and product.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

Glycogen is broken down when the cell needs to produce ATP from glucose. The enzyme glycogen phosphorylase removes glucose from the glycogen polymer chain and phosphorylates to generate glucose-1-phosphate (G1P). Then, G1P quickly isomerizes to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase and enters into glycolysis. Due to the continual conversion of G1P to G6P, the concentration of products for glycogen phosphorylase is low. This pulls the phosphorylase reaction in a forward direction by making it thermodynamically favorable. Hence, the glycogen phosphorylase reaction is exergonic (ΔG^°ʹ is negative) in the cell.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

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