(a)
To explain: The reason why fucosidase is useful to microorganisms.
Concept introduction: Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharides covalently attached to the amino acid side chain. These are found on the outside of the plasma membrane, with sugar facing outside. The N-linked glycoproteins and the O-linked glycoproteins have sugars attached to a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, respectively.
(b)
To explain: How a lack of fucosidase helps to prevent the growth of pathogens in the intestine, particularly during an illness when the human host stops eating.
Concept introduction: Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharides covalently attached to the amino acid side chain. These are found on the outside of the plasma membrane, with sugar facing outside. The N-linked glycoproteins and the O-linked glycoproteins have sugars attached to a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, respectively.
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