Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16, Problem 26P
| a. How many ribosomes are required (at a minimum) for the translation of trpE and trpC from a single transcript of the trp operon? |
| b. How would you expect deletion of the two tryptophan codons in the RNA leader to affect the expression of the trpE and trpC genes? |
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Many bacterial genes with related functions are arranged in operons, sets of contiguous genes that are under the control of a single promoter and are transcribed together. (a) What is the advantage of this arrangement? (b) How might eukaryotic cells, which do not contain operons, ensure the simultaneous transcription of different genes?
Gene expression in bacteria is controlled by the operon model.
a) Why is the operon model important?
b) Why is the trp operon known as a repressible operon?
Describe how the components of the trp operon system are affected by a mutation in trpC?
Why is it that once enviornmental tryptophan is inserted into the cell, only the trp repressor is activated (turned on)?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 16 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 16 - The following statement occurs early in this...Ch. 16 - One of the main lessons of this chapter is that...Ch. 16 - All mutations that abolish function of the Rho...Ch. 16 - The figure at the beginning of this chapter shows...Ch. 16 - The promoter of an operon is the site to which RNA...Ch. 16 - You are studying an operon containing three genes...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a protein that binds to DNA in...Ch. 16 - You have isolated two different mutants reg1 and...Ch. 16 - Bacteriophage , after infecting a cell, can...
Ch. 16 - Mutants were isolated in which the constitutive...Ch. 16 - Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is...Ch. 16 - The previous problem raises some interesting...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains containing the lac...Ch. 16 - For each of the following growth conditions, what...Ch. 16 - For each of the following mutant E. coli strains,...Ch. 16 - Maltose utilization in E. coli requires the...Ch. 16 - Seven E. coli mutants were isolated. The activity...Ch. 16 - Cells containing missense mutations in the crp...Ch. 16 - Six strains of E.coli mutants 16 that had one of...Ch. 16 - a. The original constitutive operator mutations in...Ch. 16 - In an effort to determine the location of an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - The footprinting experiment described in Fig....Ch. 16 - Why is the trp attenuation mechanism unique to...Ch. 16 - a. How many ribosomes are required at a minimum...Ch. 16 - The following is a sequence of the leader region...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains that follow,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - For each element in the list that follows,...Ch. 16 - Among the structurally simplest riboswitches are...Ch. 16 - Great variation exists in the mechanisms by which...Ch. 16 - Many genes whose expression is turned on by DNA...Ch. 16 - In 2005, Frederick Blattner and his colleagues...Ch. 16 - The E.coli MalT protein is a positive regulator of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 36PCh. 16 - Prob. 37PCh. 16 - Prob. 38PCh. 16 - Prob. 39PCh. 16 - Prob. 40PCh. 16 - Prob. 41PCh. 16 - The researchers who investigated bioluminescence...Ch. 16 - Prob. 43PCh. 16 - Quorum sensing controls the expression of...Ch. 16 - Scientists are currently screening a chemical...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- There is Hyaluronic acid synthesis occuring in Group X Strep and it is controlled by an operon with 3 genes, called hasXYZ. Based on the 3-line diagram model, a. How many ribosome binding sites are there for the protein? b. How many promoters are there for the genes? c. How many start codons are there for the protein? d. How many RNA Polymerase binding locations are there for the genes? e. How many proteins will be fully functional? f. How many mRNA strands are made?arrow_forwardHow will transcription of the E. coli trp (tryptophan) operon be affected by the following manipulations of the leader region of the trp mRNA?(a) Increasing the distance (number of bases) between the leader peptide gene and region 2(b) Increasing the distance between region 2 and region 3(c) Removing region 4(d) Changing several nucleotides in region 3 so that in can base pair with region 4 but not with region 2arrow_forward. Listed in parts a through g are some mutations that were found in the 5′ UTR of the trp operon of E. coli. What will the most likely effect of each of these mutations be on the transcription of the trp structural genes? Q. A mutation that changes the Trp codons in region 1 of the mRNA 5′ UTR into codons for alaninearrow_forward
- Describe the probable genetic defect that abolishes the sensitivity of the lac operon to the absence of glucose when other metabolic operons continue to be sensitive to the absence of glucose.arrow_forwardIf glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?arrow_forwardListed in parts a through g are some mutations that were found in the 5′ UTR of the trp operon of E. coli. What will the most likely effect of each of these mutations be on the transcription of the trp structural genes? a. A mutation that prevents the binding of the ribosome to the 5′ end of the mRNA 5′ UTR b. A mutation that changes the Trp codons in region 1 of the mRNA 5′ UTR into codons for alanine c. A mutation that creates a stop codon early in region 1 of the mRNA 5′ UTR d. Deletions in region 2 of the mRNA 5′ UTR e. Deletions in region 3 of the mRNA 5′ UTR f. Deletions in region 4 of the mRNA 5′ UTR g. Deletion of the string of adenine nucleotides that follows region 4 in the 5′ UTRarrow_forward
- If glucose is not available, but lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?arrow_forward1. a) If glucose is not available and lactose is absent from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon? b)If glucose is not available, but lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon? b)arrow_forwardIf the above gene is one of the three structural genes of the lac operon that codes for the protein/ enzyme responsible for breaking lactose into two molecules of simple sugars, what triggers the activation of this gene? a. Absence of Inhibitory protein b. Presence of lactose c. Absence of lactose d. Presence of Inhibitory protein e. Absence of Regulatory proteinarrow_forward
- Under what conditions would you expect to see high levels of expression of the structural genes in the lac operon? Group of answer choices Lactose is absent and glucose is absent Lactose is absent and glucose is present Lactose is present and glucose is present None of these Lactose is present and glucose is absentarrow_forwardIn the lac operon system, do the inducers act at the transcription or translation level? Explain why it acts in that level in a short but concise way.arrow_forwardExplain why (a) inactivation of the O2 or O3 sequence of the lac operon causes only a twofold loss in repression, and (b) inactivation of both O2 and O3 reduces repression ∼70-fold.arrow_forward
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