Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction
To determine: The type of RNA and its functions, and fill in the blanks in the given table.
Concept introduction:
Some of the genes in a cell are transcribed into RNA and express themselves in the form of proteins. After transcription, primary transcript is formed. There are four types of RNA each playing its role during transcription and translation.
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Complete the following table:
Type of RNA
Functions
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
In a ribosome, plays a structural role;as a ribozyme, plays a catalytic role(catalyzes peptide bond formation)
Primary transcript
Small RNAs in the spliceosome
Indicate which of the following items are associated with transcription or translation. This could be in prokaryotes or eukaryotes, or both.
Group of answer choices: Translation OR Transcription
Sigma binds to the promoter
mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit
Spliceosomes remove introns and splice together exons
Nucleotides are added from the 5' to 3' end
tRNA anticodon binds to the corresponding mRNA codon
STOP codon results in termination
Fill out the following table for the type of RNA that fits with the description.
There are three main types of RNA, each of them has a specific role within the cell. The following table provides a list of statements in the left-hand column describing each of those three main types. In the right-hand column, select which type of RNA each statement describes.
The choices for Type of RNA are:
mRNArRNAtRNA
Chapter 17 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research artide about...Ch. 17.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 17.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 17.3 - There are about 20,000 human protein-coding genes....Ch. 17.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - WH AT IF? In eukaryotic cells, mRNAs have been...Ch. 17.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 17.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Individuals heterozygous for the...Ch. 17.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 17 - Describe the process of gene expression, by which...Ch. 17 - What are the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 17 - What function do the 5' cap and the poly-A tail...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4CRCh. 17 - What will be the results of chemically modifying...Ch. 17 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of a codon? (A)...Ch. 17 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is (A)...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of RNA...Ch. 17 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 17 - Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5' 3' sequence of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 17 - Would the coupling of the processes shown in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 17 - scientific inquiry Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:arrow_forwardThe genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA (b) codons; DNA (c) anticodons; mRNA (d) codons; mRNA (e) codons and anticodons; rRNAarrow_forwardEukaryotic mRNA: usessnRNPs to cut out introns and seal together translatableexons. uses a spliceosome mechanism made of DNA to recognizeconsensus sequences to cut and splice. has a guanine cap on its 39 end and a poly(A) tail on its 59 end. is composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. codes the guanine cap and poly(A) tail from the DNAtemplate.arrow_forward
- Portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing are . a. exons b. caps c. poly-A tails d. intronsarrow_forwardThe following segment of DNA codes for a protein. The uppercase letters represent exons. The lowercase letters represent introns. The lower strand is the template strand. Draw the primary transcript and the mRNA resulting from this DNA.arrow_forwardA certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).arrow_forward
- Which of the following is/are typically removed from pre-mRNA during nuclear processing in eukaryotes? (a) upstream leader sequences (b) poly-A tail (c) introns (d) exons (e) all the precedingarrow_forwardWhich modification of eukaryotic mRNA is likely absent if the mRNA can leave the nucleus but cannot bind the ribosome? Group of answer choices splicing together of exons removal of introns 3′ polyadenylated tail 7-methylguanosine cap on the 5′ end RNA editingarrow_forwardConsider this list (below) of steps involved in translation. These steps are out of order. TRANSLATION: 1. the small and large ribosomal sub-units unite2. two amino acids join together.3. another tRNA anti-codon bonds with another mRNA codon 4. an initial tRNA bearing a specific amino acid arrives at the ribosome 5. the process continues until a protein molecule is completed6. at the synthesis site, initial mRNA codons are insertedarrow_forward
- For the following characteristics, state whether they are true for the 5' CAP, the Poly-A tail, BOTH modifications, or NEITHER modification. Briefly (1 sentence) support your answer. Promotes translation of the mRNA at the 3' end. Acts to prevent degradation of the mRNA by exonucleases. Promotes splicing of the mRNA. Promotes binding of transcription factors to the Mediator complex.arrow_forwardWhich of the following anticodons of a tRNA molecule can base pair with three different codons on an mRNA molecule? What is the correct answer from the choices below? AUU CCG IAU UAG GCGarrow_forwardA mRNA sequence is shown below. Note that the coding strand of DNA has the same sequence as the mRNA, except that there are U’s in the mRNA where there are T’s in the DNA. The first triplet of nucleotides AAU (underlined) is in frame for coding, and encodes Asparagine. 45 50 55 60 65 5’—A A C G A A U C G U C G C C A A C U A A G A G –-3’ Which of the following DNA mutations is almost certain to result in a shorter than normal protein? at position 56 a change from G to C an insertion of a G after the G at position 56 inversion of region 56-59 (G C C A) an delete the C at position 52 None of the above.arrow_forward
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