Concept explainers
1.
It is a method of cost accounting, which is used where the production is continuous, and the product needs various processes to complete. This method is used to ascertain the cost of the product at each process or stage of production.
Equivalents units for production
The activity of a processing department in terms of fully completed units is known as equivalent units. It includes the completed units of direct materials and conversion cost of beginning work in process, units completed and transferred out, and ending work in process.
Production cost report
A production cost report is a comprehensive report prepared for each department separately at the end of a particular period, which represents the physical flow and cost flow of product for the concerned department.
To Determine: The equivalents units for production of direct materials and conversion costs for the month of January for Company FMC.
2.
Increase or decrease in the cost per equivalent per unit for direct materials and conversion cost between June and March when, work in process inventory as on March 1 includes $5,700 of direct materials.
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Financial & Managerial Accounting
- Cost of production report The debits to Work in ProcessRoasting Department for Morning Brew Coffee Company for August, together with information concerning production, are as follows: All direct materials are placed in process at the beginning of production. A. Prepare a cost of production report, presenting the following computations: 1. Direct materials and conversion equivalent units of production for August 2. Direct materials and conversion costs per equivalent unit for August 3. Cost of goods finished during August 4. Cost of work in process at August 31 B. Compute and evaluate the change in cost per equivalent unit for direct materials and conversion from the previous month (July).arrow_forwardThe increases to Work in ProcessRoasting Department for Highlands Coffee Company for May as well as information concerning production are as follows: Prepare a cost of production report for May, using the weighted average method. Assume that direct materials are placed in process during production.arrow_forwardWork in process account data for two months; cost of production reports Hearty Soup Co. uses a process cost system to record the costs of processing soup, which requires the cooking and filling processes. Materials are entered from the cooking process at the beginning of the filling process. The inventory of Work in ProcessFilling on April 1 and debits to the account during April were as follows: During April, 800 units in process on April 1 were completed, and of the 7,800 units entering the department, all were completed except 550 units that were 90% completed. Charges to Work in ProcessFilling for May were as follows: During May, the units in process at the beginning of the month were completed, and of the 9,600 units entering the department, all were completed except 300 units that were 35% completed. Instructions 1. Enter the balance as of April 1, in a four-column account for Work in ProcessFilling. Record the debits and the credits in the account for April. Construct a cost of production report, and present computations for determining (A) equivalent units of production for materials and conversion, B) costs per equivalent unit, (C) cost of goods finished, differentiating between units started in the prior period and units started and finished in April, and (d) work in process inventory. 2. Provide the same information for May by recording the May transactions in the four-column work in process account. Construct a cost of production report, and present the May computations (A through D) listed in part (1). 3. Comment on the change in costs per equivalent unit for March through May for direct materials and conversion costs.arrow_forward
- Tanaka Manufacturing Co. uses the process cost system. The following information for the month of December was obtained from the company’s books and from the production reports submitted by the department heads: Required: Prepare cost of production summaries for the Mixing, Blending, and Bottling (Hint: You must calculate the adjusted unit cost from Blending.) departments. Prepare a departmental cost work sheet. Draft the journal entries required to record the month’s operations. Prepare a statement of cost of goods manufactured for December. (Hint: Goods finished but not transferred to finished goods are considered part of work in process inventory.)arrow_forwardCommunications Jamarcus Bradshaw, plant manager of Georgia Paper Companys papermaking mill, was looking over the cost of production reports for July and August for the Papermaking Department. The reports revealed the following: Jamarcus was concerned about the increased cost per ton from the output of the department. As a result, he asked the plant controller to perform a study to help explain these results. The controller, Leann Brunswick, began the analysis by performing some interviews of key plant personnel in order to understand what the problem might be. Excerpts from an interview with Len Tyson, a paper machine operator, follow: Len: We have two papermaking machines in the department. I have no data, but I think paper machine No. 1 is applying too much pulp and, thus, is wasting both conversion and materials resources. We haven't had repairs on paper machine No. 1 in a while. Maybe this is the problem. Leann: How does too much pulp result in wasted resources? Len: Well, you see, if too much pulp is applied, then we will waste pulp material. The customer will not pay for the extra product; we just use more material to make the product. Also, when there is too much pulp, the machine must be slowed down in order to complete the drying process. This results in additional conversion costs. Leann: Do you have any other suspicions? Len: Well, as you know, we have two productsgreen paper and yellow paper. They are identical except for the color. The color is added to the papermaking process in the paper machine. I think that during August these two color papers have been behaving very differently. I don't have any data, but it just seems as though the amount of waste associated with the green paper has increased. Leann: Why is this? Len: I understand that there has been a change in specifications for the green paper, starting near the beginning of August. This change could be causing the machines to run poorly when making green paper. If this is the case, the cost per ton would increase for green paper. Leann also asked for a database printout providing greater detail on Augusts operating results. September 9 Requested by: Leann Brunswick Papermaking DepartmentAugust detail Prior to preparing a report, Leann resigned from Georgia Paper Company to start her own business. You have been asked to take the data that Leann collected, and write a memo to Jamarcus Bradshaw with a recommendation to management. Your memo should include analysis of the August data to determine whether the paper machine or the paper color explains the increase in the unit cost from July. Include any supporting schedules that are appropriate. Round any calculations to the nearest cent.arrow_forwardA company manufactures a liquid product called Crystal. The basic ingredients are put into process in Department 1. In Department 2, other materials are added that increase the number of units being processed by 50%. The factory has only two departments. Calculate the following for each department: (a) unit cost for the month for materials, labor, and factory overhead, (b) cost of the units transferred, and (c) cost of the ending work in process.arrow_forward
- Proteger Company manufactures insect repellant lotion. The Mixing Department, the first process department, mixes the chemicals required for the repellant. The following data are for the current year: Direct materials are added at the beginning of the process. Ending inventory is 95 percent complete with respect to direct labor and overhead. The cost of goods transferred out for the year is: a. 4,471,200 b. 3,571,200 c. 3,780,000 d. 3,024,000arrow_forwardEntries for process cost system Port Ormond Carpet Company manufactures carpets. Fiber is placed in process in the Spinning Department, where it U spun into yarn. The output of the Spinning Department is transferred to the Tufting Department, where carpet backing is added at I he beginning of the process and the process is completed. On January 1, Port Ormond Carpet Company had the following inventories: Departmental accounts are maintained for factory overhead, and both have zero balances on January 1. Manufacturing operations for January are summarized as follows: Instructions 1. Journalize the entries to record the operations, identifying each entry by letter. 2. Compute the January 31 balances of the inventory accounts. 3. Compute the January 31 balances of the factory overhead accounts.arrow_forwardJournalizing standard costs in two departments Griffin Manufacturing Inc. has two departments, Mixing and Blending. When goods are completed in Mixing, they are transferred to Blending and then to the finished goods storeroom. There was no beginning or ending work in process in either department. Listed below is information to be used in preparing journal entries at the end of October: Prepare journal entries for the following: 1. The issuance of direct materials into production and the recording of the materials variances. (Prepare separate entries for each department.) 2. The use of direct labor in production and the recording of the labor variances. (Prepare separate entries for each department.) 3. The entries to record the actual and applied factory overhead. 4. The entries to transfer the production costs from Mixing to Blending and from Blending to Finished Goods.arrow_forward
- Kokomo Kayak Inc. uses the process cost system. The following data, taken from the organizations books, reflect the results of manufacturing operations during the month of March: Production Costs Work in process, beginning of period: Costs incurred during month: Production Data: 18,000 units finished and transferred to stockroom. Work in process, end of period, 3,000 units, two-thirds completed. Required: Prepare a cost of production summary for March.arrow_forwardEntries for process cost system Preston Grover Soap Company manufactures powdered detergent. Phosphate is placed in process in the Making Department, where it is turned into granulars. The output of Making is transferred to the Packing Department, where packaging is added at the beginning of the process. On July 1, Preston Grover Soap Company had the following inventories: Departmental accounts are maintained for factory overhead, which both have zero balances on July 1. Manufacturing operations for July are summarized as follows: Instructions 1. Journalize the entries to record the operations, identifying each entry by letter. 2. Compute the July 31 balances of the inventory accounts. 3. Compute the July 31 balances of the factory overhead accounts.arrow_forwardCost flow relationships The following information is available for the first month of operations of Bahadir Company, a manufacturer of mechanical pencils: Using the information given, determine the following missing amounts: A. Cost of goods sold B. Finished goods inventory at the end of the month C. Direct materials cost D. Direct labor cost E. Work in process inventory at the end of the montharrow_forward
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