Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes. Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid ). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 18.6PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme is insensitive to alpha-amanitin” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 8

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 9

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes catalyze an exergonic reaction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 10

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 11

(c)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All the primary transcripts must be processed before being used in translation” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 12

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 13

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes may sometimes be found attached to an RNA (Ribose nucleic acid) molecule that also has ribosomes bound to it” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 14

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 15

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzymes synthesize ribosomal RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 16

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 17

(f)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “Transcription factors must bind to the promoter before the polymerase can bind” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 18

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 19

(g)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme adds a poly (A) sequence to messenger RNA” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 20

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 21

(h)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme moves along the DNA template strand in 3' to 5' direction” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 22

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 23

(i)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The enzyme synthesizes a product likely to acquire a 5' cap” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 24

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 25

(j)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “All promoters used by the enzyme lie mostly upstream of the transcriptional start site and are only partially transcribed” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 26

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 27

(k)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement about RNA polymerases, “The specificity of transcription by the enzyme is determined by a subunit of the holoenzyme” is true for bacterial, polymerase I, II, or III enzymes.

Introduction: Transcription is a process by which RNA is formed from information stored in the form of nucleotide bases in DNA (Deoxyribose nucleic acid). Three types of RNA polymerase enzymes are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription. These RNA polymerases are RNA polymerase I, II, and III. Only one type of RNA that is known as bacterial RNA polymerase is used in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 28

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 29

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 30

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Answer 31

Ch. 18 - Suppose a triplet on the template strand of a...Ch. 18 - Of these three techniques, which one provides the...Ch. 18 - Compare and contrast bacterial and eukaryotic...Ch. 18 - The autoimmune disease systemic lupus...Ch. 18 - QUANTITATIVE Triplets or Sextuplets? In his Nobel...Ch. 18 - The Genetic Code in a T-Even Phage. A portion of a...Ch. 18 - Frameshift Mutations. Each of the mutants listed...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.4PS Ch. 18 - Locating Promoters. The following table provides...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.6PS

Solution Summary: The author explains that RNA polymerases are used in the case of eukaryotic transcription.

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