Chapter 1.8, Problem 19P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The non-permissible structure out of the four structural formulas is to be determined. The reason for the structural formula being not permissible is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The only valence orbitals available to the second-row elements are $2\text{s}$ and $2\text{p}$. Hence the octet rule cannot be exceeded for these elements.

The valence orbitals for the third-row elements are $3\text{s},3\text{p}$ and $3\text{d}$. Thus, the third-row elements can have an expanded octet and can share more than eight electrons in a structural formula.