Concept explainers
Hospital activity-based costing analysis
Lancaster County Hospital uses activity-based costing to determine the cost of serving patients. The hospital identified common treatments and developed the activity-based cost per patient by treatment. The activities and activity rates for a patient receiving coronary bypass surgery are as follows:
Nursing care units are measures of time and effort to perform nursing duties, such as providing IV care, checking vital signs, and administering drugs. It is determined that there are an average of 10 nursing care units per patient day in the hospital for a coronary bypass. The average bypass patient is in the hospital for 6 days. The bypass procedure requires an average of 3 hours of operating room time.
- A. Determine the activity cost per patient for the coronary bypass treatment.
- B. Assume the hospital was able to make improvements such that the average length of stay in the hospital for the bypass was reduced from 6 days to 5 days. Further assume that additional improvements in medical technology reduced the operating room time for a bypass to 2½ hours. Determine the activity cost per patient for the coronary bypass treatment under these revised conditions. What is the cost improvement?
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Financial And Managerial Accounting
- Product costing and decision analysis for a service company Pleasant Stay Medical Inc. wishes to determine its product costs. Pleasant Stay offers a variety of medical procedures (operations) that are considered its products. The overhead has been separated into three major activities. The annual estimated activity costs and activity bases follow: Total patient days are determined by multiplying the number of patients by the average length of stay in the hospital. A weighted care unit (wcu) is a measure of nursing effort used to care for patients. There were 192,000 weighted care units estimated for the year. In addition, Pleasant Stay estimated 6,000 patients and 27,000 patient days for the year. (The average patient is expected to have a a little more than a four-day stay in the hospital.) During a portion of the year, Pleasant Stay collected patient information for three selected procedures, as follows: Private insurance reimburses the hospital for these activities at a fixed daily rate of 406 per patient day for all three procedures. Instructions Determine the activity rates. Determine the activity cost for each procedure. Determine the excess or deficiency of reimbursements to activity cost. Interpret your results.arrow_forwardFormation of an Activity Dictionary A hospital is in the process of implementing an ABC system. A pilot study is being done to assess the effects of the costing changes on specific products. Of particular interest is the cost of caring for patients who receive in-patient recovery treatment for illness, surgery (noncardiac), and injury. These patients are housed on the third and fourth floors of the hospital. The floors are dedicated to patient care and have only nursing stations and patient rooms. A partial transcript of an interview with the hospitals nursing supervisor is as follows: 1. How many nurses are in the hospital? There are 101 nurses, including me. 2. Of these 100 nurses, how many are assigned to the third and fourth floors? Fifty nurses are assigned to these two floors. 3. What do these nurses do (please describe)? Provide nursing care for patients, which, as you know, means answering questions, changing bandages, administering medicine, changing clothes, etc. 4. And what do you do? I supervise and coordinate all the nursing activity in the hospital. This includes surgery, maternity, the emergency room, and the two floors you mentioned. 5. What other lodging and care activities are done for the third and fourth floors by persons other than the nurses? The patients must be fed. The hospital cafeteria delivers meals. The laundry department picks up dirty clothing and bedding once each shift. The floors also have a physical therapist assigned to provide care on a physician-directed basis. 6. Do patients use any equipment? Yes. Mostly monitoring equipment. 7. Who or what uses the activity output? Patients. But there are different kinds of patients. On these two floors, we classify patients into three categories according to severity: intensive care, intermediate care, and normal care. The more severe the illness, the more activity is used. Nurses spend much more time with intermediate care patients than with normal care. The more severe patients tend to use more of the laundry service as well. Their clothing and bedding need to be changed more frequently. On the other hand, severe patients use less food. They eat fewer meals. Typically, we measure each patient type by the number of days of hospital stay. And you have to realize that the same patient contributes to each type of product. Required: Prepare an activity dictionary with three categories: activity name, activity description, and activity driver.arrow_forwardPareto chart and cost of quality report for a service company The administrator of Liberty Hospital has been asked to perform an activity analysis of the emergency room (ER). The ER activities include cost of quality and other patient care activities. The lab tests and transportation are hospital services external to the ER for determining external failure costs. The result of the activity analysis is summarized as follows: Instructions 1. Prepare a Pareto chart of the ER activities. 2. Classify the activities into prevention, appraisal, internal failure, external failure, and other patient care activities. Classify the activities into value-added and non-value-added activities. 3. Use the activity cost information to determine the percentages of total ER costs that are prevention, appraisal, internal failure, external failure, and other patient care activities. 4. Determine the percentages of the total ER costs that are value-added and non-value-added. 5. Interpret the information.arrow_forward
- The Two Cost Systems Sacred Heart Hospital (SHH) faces skyrocketing nursing costs, all of which relate to its two biggest nursing service linesthe Emergency Room (ER) and the Operating Room (OR). SHHs current cost system assigns total nursing costs to the ER and OR based on the number of patients serviced by each line. Total hospital annual nursing costs for these two lines are expected to equal 300,000. The table below shows expected patient volume for both lines. Calculate the amount of nursing costs that the current cost system assigns to the ER and to the OR.arrow_forwardThe Two Cost Systems Sacred Heart Hospital (SHH) faces skyrocketing nursing costs, all of which relate to its two biggest nursing service linesthe Emergency Room (ER) and the Operating Room (OR). SHHs current cost system assigns total nursing costs to the ER and OR based on the number of patients serviced by each line. Total hospital annual nursing costs for these two lines are expected to equal 300,000. The table below shows expected patient volume for both lines. After discussion with several experienced nurses, Jack Bauer (SHHs accountant) decided that assigning nursing costs to the two service lines based on the number of times that nurses must check patients vital signs might more closely match the underlying use of costly hospital resources. Therefore, for comparative purposes, Jack decided to develop a second cost system that assigns total nursing costs to the ER and OR based on the number of times nurses check patients vital signs. This system is referred to as the vital-signs costing system. The earlier table also shows data for vital signs checks for lines. Calculate the amount of nursing costs that the vital-signs costing system assigns to the ER and to the OR.arrow_forwardZamboanga Hospital plans to use the activity-based costing to assign hospital indirect costs to the care of patients. The hospital has identified the following activities and activity rates for the hospital indirect costs: (Refer to image) Determine the activity cost associated with Patient 2. a. P1,388 b. P 908 c. P1,816 d. P4,555arrow_forward
- Crosswinds Hospital plans to use activity-based costing to assign hospital indirect costs to the care of patients. The hospital has identified the following activities and activity rates for the hospital indirect costs: Activity Activity Rate Room and meals $230 per day Radiology $185 per image Pharmacy $50 per physician order Chemistry lab $90 per test Operating room $1,030 per operating room hour The activity usage information associated with the two patients is as follows: Abel Putin Cheryl Umit Number of days 6 days 3 days Number of images 5 images 3 images Number of physician orders 7 orders 2 orders Number of tests 6 tests 2 tests Number of operating room hours 9 hours 5 hours This information has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file. Open the spreadsheet, perform the required analysis, and input your answers in the questions below. Open spreadsheet Determine the activity cost associated with each patient.…arrow_forwardActivity-Based Product Costing Suppose that a surgical ward has gathered the following information for four nursing activities and two types of patients: Patient Category Driver Normal Intensive Activity Rate Treating patients Treatments 7,400 9,500 $4.00 Providing hygienic care Hygienic hours 5,300 18,600 5.00 Responding to requests Requests 32,000 80,000 2.00 Monitoring patients Monitoring hours 6,000 72,000 3.00 Required: 1. Determine the total nursing costs assigned to each patient category. Costs Assigned Normal $fill in the blank 1 Intensive $fill in the blank 2 2. Output is measured in patient days. Assuming that the normal patient category uses 8,000 patient days and the intensive patient category uses 6,400 patient days, calculate the nursing cost per patient day for each type of patient. Round your answers to the nearest cent. Normal $fill in the blank 3 per patient day Intensive $fill in the blank 4 per patient day 3. Conceptual…arrow_forwardActivity-Based Product Costing Suppose that a surgical ward has gathered the following information for four nursing activities and two types of patients: Patient Category Driver Normal Intensive Activity Rate Treating patients Treatments 6,900 8,000 $4.00 Providing hygienic care Hygienic hours 4,800 17,600 5.00 Responding to requests Requests 32,000 80,000 2.00 Monitoring patients Monitoring hours 6,000 72,000 3.00 Required: 1. Determine the total nursing costs assigned to each patient category. Costs Assigned Normal $ Intensive $ 2. Output is measured in patient days. Assuming that the normal patient category uses 8,000 patient days and the intensive patient category uses 6,400 patient days, calculate the nursing cost per patient day for each type of patient. Round your answers to the nearest cent. Normal $ per patient day Intensive $ per patient day 3. Conceptual Connection: The supervisor of the surgical ward has suggested that patient…arrow_forward
- Activity-Based Product Costing Suppose that a surgical ward has gathered the following information for four nursing activities and two types of patients: Patient Category Driver Normal Intensive Activity Rate Treating patients Treatments 6,400 8,000 $4.00 Providing hygienic care Hygienic hours 4,800 17,600 5.00 Responding to requests Requests 32,000 80,000 2.00 Monitoring patients Monitoring hours 6,000 72,000 3.00 Required: 1. Determine the total nursing costs assigned to each patient category. Costs Assigned Normal $ Intensive $ 2. Output is measured in patient days. Assuming that the normal patient category uses 8,000 patient days and the intensive patient category uses 6,400 patient days, calculate the nursing cost per patient day for each type of patient. (Round to two decimal places.) Normal $ per patient day Intensive $ per patient day 3. Conceptual Connection: The supervisor of the surgical ward has suggested that patient…arrow_forwardShow a detailed, step by step process for the following question below: “Apollo is a local hospital that offers two types of procedures. Currently, Apollo uses a simple system to calculate the overhead cost per treatment. This is done by taking the total overhead cost and dividing it by the number of treatments. Using this method, the full cost for each procedure is shown below: Procedure X Y Direct costs per procedure £2,610 £1,560 Full cost per procedure £2,831 £1,781 Recently, another competitor has implemented activity based costing (ABC). This has led the finance director to consider whether this alternative costing technique would bring any benefits. She has obtained an analysis of Apollo’s total overheads for the last year and some additional data, all of which is shown below:” Cost Cost driver Administrative costs Administrative time per procedure £935,080 Nursing costs Length of patient stay £3,127,808 Catering…arrow_forwardShow a detailed, step by step process for the following question below: “Apollo is a local hospital that offers two types of procedures. Currently, Apollo uses a simple system to calculate the overhead cost per treatment. This is done by taking the total overhead cost and dividing it by the number of treatments. Using this method, the full cost for each procedure is shown below: Procedure X Y Direct costs per procedure £2,610 £1,560 Full cost per procedure £2,831 £1,781 Recently, another competitor has implemented activity based costing (ABC). This has led the finance director to consider whether this alternative costing technique would bring any benefits. She has obtained an analysis of Apollo’s total overheads for the last year and some additional data, all of which is shown below:” Cost Cost driver Administrative costs Administrative time per procedure £935,080 Nursing costs Length of patient stay £3,127,808 Catering…arrow_forward
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