Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The given substance has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, or an emulsification lipid.
Concept introduction: There are five categories of lipids on the basis of biochemical functions: Energy storage lipids, Membrane lipids, Emulsification lipids, Messenger lipids and Protective coating lipids
(b)
Interpretation: The given substance has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, or an emulsification lipid.
Concept introduction: One of the major types of membrane lipids is sphingoglycolipids. The structure of sphingoglycolipids involves sphingosine, fatty acid residue and a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide.
(c)
Interpretation: The given substance has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, or an emulsification lipid.
Concept introduction: There are five categories of lipids on the basis of biochemical functions: Energy storage lipids, Membrane lipids, Emulsification lipids, Messenger lipids and Protective coating lipids
(d)
Interpretation: The given substance has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, or an emulsification lipid.
Concept introduction: There are five categories of lipids on the basis of biochemical functions: Energy storage lipids, Membrane lipids, Emulsification lipids, Messenger lipids and Protective coating lipids
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Match the following descriptions with the correct lipid-based compounds: v Cholesterol A. regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism and deposition in bones v Sphingolipids B. prevents the attack of peroxides on unsaturated fatty acids in membrane v Phosphoacylgycerol C. usually found on the cell surface of blood cells for cell recognition v Glycerophospholipids D. building block of complex lipids v Fatty acyls E. serve as storage fat in the liver and muscles v Glycerolipids F. bulky & rigid and fits into membrane lipids disrupting membrane regularity v Gangliosides G. plays a role in vision and the development of nervous system H. involved in metabolism and signalling I. abundant in nervous system J. control cell permeability K. synthesized from isoprene units and used by plants for growth and odor v Terpenes v Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin Earrow_forwardMatch the following descriptions with the correct lipid-based compounds: Cholesterol Sphingolipids Phosphoacylgycerol Glycerophospholipids Fatty acyls…arrow_forwardWhich of the following lipid types is the least polar? A. Sphingolipids B. Gangliosides C. Glycerophospholipids D. Triacylglycerolsarrow_forward
- (a) Cholesterol is a lipid yet does not form membranes like the membrane lipids and is not used to store energy like the storage lipids. Explain. b) Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids form membranes but triacylglycerols do not. Why? (c) Triacylglycerols are used for long term energy storage but glycogen and starch are used for short term energy storage. Explainarrow_forwardMatch the following: A. A triglyceride on hydrolysis gives, Fatty 1. Sphingosine +Carbohydrate 2. A non- B. A wax consists of, saponifiable lipid C. Phosphoglyceride consists of, Fatty acid 3. Sphingosine + Phosphoric acid+ Carbohydrate D. A sphingomyelin consists of, membered 4. A set of 3 6- And a 5-membered ring Fused together. 5. Saponifiable E. A glycolipid consists of, lipid. F. A steroid is a special type of ring system Consists of 6. Fatty acids and long Chain alcohols 7. Glycerol, G. A prostaglandin is an example of, Fatty acids+ Phosphoric acids H. Triglycerides, phospholipids and glycolarrow_forwardHydrolysis of a mixture of glycerophospholipids may yield the following, EXCEPT: A. Galactose B. Choline C. Serine amino acid D. Phosphatearrow_forward
- Steroid derivatives like cholesterol are also part of the lipid family. Name three useful by-products that cholesterol can be converted into within the body.arrow_forwardExamine the membrane lipid pictured below and answer the following questions: a. Is this lipid classified as a phospholipid or a glycolipid? Explain your answer in two sentences.b. Is this lipid considered a sphingolipid or a glycerophospholipid? Justify your answer in two sentences. c. What fatty acid chains are used in this lipid? Are they saturated or unsaturated? What functional group enables them to connect to the backbone?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are NOT (an) essential fatty acids? A. arachidonic acid B. linoleic acid C. palmitic D. oleic acidarrow_forward
- What are the functions of carbohydrates? Differentiate the class of carbohydrates and their chemistry Compare and contrast proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans. Cite examples for each Give the Unique Feature and Important Function of each: Polysaccharide Chondroitin Нераrin Hyaluronate Dermatan Sulfate Keratan Sulfate Mucinarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. monounsaturated fatty acid b. polyunsaturated fatty acid c. saturated fatty acid d. nonessential fatty acid e. essential fatty acidarrow_forwardLipids are a group of molecules that can be divided into five major subgroups based on their structure and function in the body. Give the specific name to each of the following lipid subgroups: a.) ___________________________: long chain hydrocarbons with a carboxyl groups, parts of Triglycerides and phospholipids b.) ____________________________: critical mediators of immune response c.) ____________________________: fat and oil in food and body d.) ____________________________: contain lipid hormones and cholesterols e.) ____________________________: major component of cell membranesarrow_forward
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